<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<eml:eml xmlns:eml="https://eml.ecoinformatics.org/eml-2.2.0"
         xmlns:xs="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="https://eml.ecoinformatics.org/eml-2.2.0 https://eml.ecoinformatics.org/eml-2.2.0/eml.xsd"
         system="hfr"
         scope="system"
         packageId="knb-lter-hfr.59.20">
   <access authSystem="knb" order="allowFirst" scope="document">
      <allow>
         <principal>uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org</principal>
         <permission>all</permission>
      </allow>
      <allow>
         <principal>public</principal>
         <permission>read</permission>
      </allow>
   </access>
   <dataset id="HF059">
      <alternateIdentifier system="https://doi.org">doi:10.6073/pasta/fffde8ec33a7e647852281cb1b6ab6cf</alternateIdentifier>
      <title>Canopy Photosynthesis Study at Harvard Forest 1991-1992</title>
      <creator>
         <individualName>
            <givenName>Susan</givenName>
            <surName>Bassow</surName>
         </individualName>
      </creator>
      <creator>
         <individualName>
            <givenName>Fakhri</givenName>
            <surName>Bazzaz</surName>
         </individualName>
      </creator>
      <pubDate>2023</pubDate>
      <language>English</language>
      <abstract>
         <section>
            <para>Tree photosynthesis measurements were made from two canopy access towers on the Prospect Hill Tract, Harvard Forest, Petersham, Massachusetts between July 1991 and October 1992. Four species were observed: Oak - red oak (Quercus rubra); RM - red maple (Acer rubrum); WB - white birch (Betula papyrifera); YB- yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis).</para>
         </section>
      </abstract>
      <keywordSet>
         <keyword>canopies</keyword>
         <keyword>photosynthesis</keyword>
         <keyword>physiology</keyword>
         <keywordThesaurus>LTER controlled vocabulary</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <keywordSet>
         <keyword>primary production</keyword>
         <keywordThesaurus>LTER core area</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <keywordSet>
         <keyword>Harvard Forest</keyword>
         <keyword>HFR</keyword>
         <keyword>LTER</keyword>
         <keyword>USA</keyword>
         <keywordThesaurus>HFR default</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <intellectualRights>
         <section>
            <para>This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.</para>
         </section>
      </intellectualRights>
      <licensed>
         <licenseName>Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal</licenseName>
         <url>https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html</url>
         <identifier>CC0-1.0</identifier>
      </licensed>
      <distribution>
         <online>
            <url function="information">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf059</url>
         </online>
      </distribution>
      <coverage>
         <geographicCoverage>
            <geographicDescription>Prospect Hill Tract (Harvard Forest). Coordinates based on WGS84 datum.</geographicDescription>
            <boundingCoordinates>
               <westBoundingCoordinate>-72.17</westBoundingCoordinate>
               <eastBoundingCoordinate>-72.17</eastBoundingCoordinate>
               <northBoundingCoordinate>+42.54</northBoundingCoordinate>
               <southBoundingCoordinate>+42.54</southBoundingCoordinate>
               <boundingAltitudes>
                  <altitudeMinimum>340</altitudeMinimum>
                  <altitudeMaximum>340</altitudeMaximum>
                  <altitudeUnits>meter</altitudeUnits>
               </boundingAltitudes>
            </boundingCoordinates>
         </geographicCoverage>
         <temporalCoverage>
            <rangeOfDates>
               <beginDate>
                  <calendarDate>1991</calendarDate>
               </beginDate>
               <endDate>
                  <calendarDate>1992</calendarDate>
               </endDate>
            </rangeOfDates>
         </temporalCoverage>
         <taxonomicCoverage>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Acer</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>rubrum</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>red maple</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Betula</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>alleghaniensis</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>yellow birch</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>papyrifera</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>white birch</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Quercus</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>rubra</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>red oak</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
         </taxonomicCoverage>
      </coverage>
      <maintenance>
         <description>
            <para>complete</para>
         </description>
      </maintenance>
      <contact scope="document">
         <positionName>Information Manager</positionName>
         <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName>
         <address scope="document">
            <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint>
            <city>Petersham</city>
            <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
            <postalCode>01366</postalCode>
            <country>USA</country>
         </address>
         <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone>
         <electronicMailAddress>hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      </contact>
      <publisher scope="document">
         <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName>
         <address scope="document">
            <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint>
            <city>Petersham</city>
            <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
            <postalCode>01366</postalCode>
            <country>USA</country>
         </address>
         <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone>
         <phone phonetype="fax">(978) 724-3595</phone>
         <onlineUrl>https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu</onlineUrl>
      </publisher>
      <methods>
         <methodStep>
            <description>
               <section>
                  <para>The dataset contains 1950 records. Each record represents a single measurement of a leaf in the canopy.</para>
               </section>
            </description>
         </methodStep>
      </methods>
      <project>
         <title>Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research</title>
         <personnel>
            <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName>
            <address>
               <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint>
               <city>Petersham</city>
               <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
               <postalCode>01366</postalCode>
               <country>USA</country>
            </address>
            <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone>
            <phone phonetype="fax">(978) 724-3595</phone>
            <onlineUrl>https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu</onlineUrl>
            <userId directory="https://ror.org">https://ror.org/059cpzx98</userId>
            <role>pointOfContact</role>
         </personnel>
         <abstract>The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts.</abstract>
         <funding>National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210.</funding>
      </project>
      <dataTable id="hf059-01">
         <entityName>hf059-01-leafgas.csv</entityName>
         <entityDescription>photosynthesis data</entityDescription>
         <physical>
            <objectName>hf059-01-leafgas.csv</objectName>
            <size unit="byte">248241</size>
            <authentication method="MD5">17ab8231d276b8c8920d0786176df9f7</authentication>
            <dataFormat>
               <textFormat>
                  <numHeaderLines>1</numHeaderLines>
                  <recordDelimiter>\r\n</recordDelimiter>
                  <attributeOrientation>column</attributeOrientation>
                  <simpleDelimited>
                     <fieldDelimiter>,</fieldDelimiter>
                  </simpleDelimited>
               </textFormat>
            </dataFormat>
            <distribution>
               <online>
                  <url function="download">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p05/hf059/hf059-01-leafgas.csv</url>
               </online>
            </distribution>
         </physical>
         <attributeList>
            <attribute id="1181068417227">
               <attributeName>datetime</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>date and time</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <dateTime>
                     <formatString>YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm</formatString>
                  </dateTime>
               </measurementScale>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1181068417226">
               <attributeName>date</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>date</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <dateTime>
                     <formatString>YYYY-MM-DD</formatString>
                  </dateTime>
               </measurementScale>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030681">
               <attributeName>tower</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>refers to the Canopy Access Tower from which measurement was made</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <nominal>
                     <nonNumericDomain>
                        <enumeratedDomain>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>1</code>
                              <definition>Tower 1</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>2</code>
                              <definition>Tower 2</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                        </enumeratedDomain>
                     </nonNumericDomain>
                  </nominal>
               </measurementScale>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030691">
               <attributeName>height</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>refers to either the top of the canopy (T) or the sub-canopy (L) heights.  The sub-canopy height was the lowest height where there were sufficient leaves accessible from the towers on the canopy trees.</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <nominal>
                     <nonNumericDomain>
                        <enumeratedDomain>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>L</code>
                              <definition>sub-canopy heights</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>T</code>
                              <definition>top of the canopy heights</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                        </enumeratedDomain>
                     </nonNumericDomain>
                  </nominal>
               </measurementScale>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030701">
               <attributeName>species</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>species observed</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <nominal>
                     <nonNumericDomain>
                        <enumeratedDomain>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>OAK</code>
                              <definition>red oak (Quercus rubra)</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>RM</code>
                              <definition>red maple (Acer rubrum)</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>WB</code>
                              <definition>white birch (Betula papyrifera)</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>YB</code>
                              <definition>yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis)</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                        </enumeratedDomain>
                     </nonNumericDomain>
                  </nominal>
               </measurementScale>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030711">
               <attributeName>rep</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>at least 5 replicate leaves of each tree were measured in a given 2 hour time period on each observation date.  October 3, 1992 has only a limited set of data.</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <nominal>
                     <nonNumericDomain>
                        <textDomain>
                           <definition>replicate</definition>
                        </textDomain>
                     </nonNumericDomain>
                  </nominal>
               </measurementScale>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1344107678630">
               <attributeName>hour</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>hour of day with fraction EST</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>nominalHour</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1181068417225">
               <attributeName>time</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>time of day</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <dateTime>
                     <formatString>hh:mm</formatString>
                  </dateTime>
               </measurementScale>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030731">
               <attributeName>psn</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>in situ photosynthetic rate of the leaf</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030741">
               <attributeName>cond</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>in situ conductance rate of the leaf</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030751">
               <attributeName>par</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>photosynthetically active radiation (light levels)</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030761">
               <attributeName>lpar</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>ln transformed PAR levels</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>number</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030771">
               <attributeName>co2</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>CO2 concentration in the leaf chamber during the measurement in units of ppm</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>dimensionless</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030781">
               <attributeName>ci</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>calculated internal CO2 concentration in units of ppm</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>dimensionless</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030791">
               <attributeName>e</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>calculated transpiration rates</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.00000001</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030801">
               <attributeName>ci.ca</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>ratio of Ci to CO2 concentration</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>dimensionless</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030811">
               <attributeName>tleaf</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>leaf temperature measured by a leaf thermocouple touching the underside of the leaf when enclosed in the leaf cuvette</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <interval>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>celsius</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </interval>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030821">
               <attributeName>tair</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>air temperature measured in the cuvette during the measurement</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <interval>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>celsius</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </interval>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030831">
               <attributeName>rh</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>relative humidity (%) measured in the cuvette during the measurement</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>dimensionless</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030841">
               <attributeName>esleaf</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>calculated vapor pressure of the leaf</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>kilopascal</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030851">
               <attributeName>eair</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>calculated vapor pressure of the air in the cuvette during the measurement</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>kilopascal</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1184179030861">
               <attributeName>vpd</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>vapor pressure deficit</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>kilopascal</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.01</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
         </attributeList>
         <numberOfRecords>1950</numberOfRecords>
      </dataTable>
   </dataset>
   <additionalMetadata>
      <metadata>
         <additionalClassifications>
            <researchTopic>atmosphere</researchTopic>
            <studyType>short-term measurement</studyType>
         </additionalClassifications>
      </metadata>
   </additionalMetadata>
</eml:eml>
