uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all public read doi:10.6073/pasta/c2d6760fccc7c9a2310b742ae9491c7f David Foster https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1171-3762 Donna Francis Janice Fuller Sylvia Barry Researcher Dorte Koster Researcher Reinhard Pienitz Researcher 2023 English

This multi-proxy study uses paleoecological, paleolimnological, and historical approaches to reconstruct climate, vegetation, and cultural dynamics over the past 1500 years at sites arrayed across the climatic and forest gradients of New England and to place these results in a regional framework through analysis of pollen records from the North American Pollen Database. High resolution records were obtained using pollen to interpret vegetation history; chironomids, stable isotopes, geochemistry, and diatoms, supplemented by historical reconstructions, to interpret climate history; charcoal and land-use data to document the human impacts; and Pb-210 and C-14 for chronological control. Results will provide: (1) an objective characterization of the Little Ice Age and climate history in New England, (2) comparison of pre- and post-European forest dynamics in relationship to independent environmental and land-use histories, (3) a reexamination of historical vegetation dynamics in light of prior climate an vegetation change, and (4) widespread availability of data and results through publications, symposium presentation, and the Harvard Forest Archives and web pages.

climate change lakes paleoecology pollen sediments vegetation dynamics LTER controlled vocabulary disturbance human-environment LTER core area Harvard Forest HFR LTER USA HFR default

This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.

Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html CC0-1.0 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf078 Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont. Coordinates based on WGS84 datum. -73.3 -71.3 +44.5 +41.7 0001 2000 genus Betula birch genus Castanea chestnut genus Fagus beech genus Picea spruce genus Pinus pine genus Quercus oak genus Tsuga hemlock complete Information Manager Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 (978) 724-3595 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu

Sediment cores were obtained from ponds around New England with a 7-cm diameter surface core and 5-cm diameter modified Livingstone corer. The cores were sampled at 1-cm intervals, and selected samples were analyzed for pollen assemblage, % organic carbon, and microscopic carbon. The cores were dated using 210Pb, AMS 14C dating on organic sediment, and pollen stratigraphic markers (rise in Ambrosia).

Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 (978) 724-3595 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu https://ror.org/059cpzx98 pointOfContact The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts. National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210. hf078-01-diatom.csv diatoms hf078-01-diatom.csv 2627574 061f015e75bd92e5f87e16c3a5a3f941 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p07/hf078/hf078-01-diatom.csv site site name BP Bates Pond LP Levi Pond NP Northround Pond WP Walden Pond depth depth of sample in centimeters in the sediment column depth of sample in centimeters in the sediment column NA missing value total.diatoms total number of counted valves number 1 whole NA missing value tp.glr inferred total phosphorus concentration. Values of limnological variables in summer surface lake water reconstructed by the use of diatom models based on a 82-lake calibration set from New England (U.S.) and using the methods of Gaussian Logit regression (GLR) for total phosphorus (TP). microgramsPerLiter 0.01 real NA missing value tp.er.li lower error value for inferred total phosphorus concentration microgramsPerLiter 0.01 real NA missing value tp.er.re higher error value for inferred total phosphorus concentration. These values are different when models are based on log-transformed environmental data. Reconstructed values are back-transformed using an exponential transformation. Therefore, back-transformed values at the lower end are smaller than back-transformed values at the higher end. microgramsPerLiter 0.01 real NA missing value er.li.1 lower error value for inferred dissolved organic carbon concentration milligramsPerLiter 0.01 real NA missing value er.re higher error value inferred dissolved organic carbon concentration. These values are different when models are based on log-transformed environmental data. Reconstructed values are back-transformed using an exponential transformation. Therefore, back-transformed values at the lower end are smaller than back-transformed values at the higher end. milligramsPerLiter 0.01 real NA missing value doc.wapls.2 inferred dissolved organic carbon concentration. Values of limnological variables in summer surface lake water reconstructed by the use of of a diatom model based on a 59-lake calibration set from Quebec (Canada) using weighted averaging partial least squares (WA-PLS) for reconstructing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) milligramsPerLiter 0.01 real NA missing value ph.wa.inv pH vulues using weighted averaging with inverse deshrinking (WAinv) number 0.01 real NA missing value ph.error pH error number 0.01 real NA missing value taxa taxa name "Genus" GB number of valves in girdle band view identified to the Genus level only GB number of unidentified valves in girdle band view Unidentified number of unidentified diatom valves Chrysophceae cysts number of chrysophyte cysts in the same fields of view on the same slide used for diatom analysis Chrysophyceae scales number of chrysophyte scales in the same fields of view on the same slide used for diatom analysis count numbers of individual valves identified for each taxon in diatom assemblage (one complete frustule counting 2 valves) number 1 whole NA missing value 38336 historical community regional paleological