uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all public read doi:10.6073/pasta/1d65cf68f691248fe6d554f06b2c0da9 Tara Sackett https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3615-4170 Aaron Ellison https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4151-6081 Sydne Record https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7293-2155 Researcher 2023 English

In eastern North American forests, eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is a foundation species. As hemlock is lost from forests due to the invasive hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) and pre-emptive salvage logging, the structure of assemblages of species associated with hemlock is expected to change. We manipulated hemlock canopy structure at hectare scales to investigate the effects of hemlock death on assemblages of ants, beetles, and spiders in a New England forest. Relative to reference hemlock stands, both in situ death of hemlock and logging and removal of hemlock altered composition and diversity of beetles and spiders, and logging increased the species richness and evenness of ant assemblages. Species composition of ant assemblages in disturbed habitats was non-random relative to the regional species pool, but we found no evidence that interspecific competition shaped the structure of ant, beetle or spider assemblages, in either manipulated or intact forest stands. Environmental filtering by hemlock appears to maintain low levels of species richness and evenness in forest stands, suggesting that the loss of hemlock due to the hemlock woolly adelgid or human activities will not likely lead to extirpations of ant, beetle, or spider species at local scales.

arthropods biodiversity hemlock hemlock woolly adelgid soil LTER controlled vocabulary populations LTER core area Harvard Forest HFR LTER USA HFR default

This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.

Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html CC0-1.0 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf177 Simes Tract (Harvard Forest). Coordinates based on WGS84 datum. -72.22 -72.22 +42.47 +42.47 200 240 meter 2008 2008 order Araneae spiders order Coleoptera beetles family Formicidae ants genus Tsuga species canadensis eastern hemlock complete Information Manager Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 (978) 724-3595 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu

In May, July, and September 2008, we randomly selected five 1-m2 sub-plots (separated by at least 10 m) within each canopy manipulation plot, sifted all the leaf litter from the sub-plot into Winkler extractors (Krell et al. 2005), and recovered ants, beetles, and spiders over a 10-day period. We also deployed five pitfall traps 3-5 m away from each sub-plot for 10 days; traps were charged with propylene glycol, which does not bloat the spiders. Voucher specimens are deposited in the Harvard Forest Sample Archive

Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 (978) 724-3595 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu https://ror.org/059cpzx98 pointOfContact The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts. National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210. hf177-01-ants.csv ants hf177-01-ants.csv 23736 8fa731af362abc3cdc908961281efe86 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p17/hf177/hf177-01-ants.csv start.date start date YYYY-MM-DD end.date end date YYYY-MM-DD block block Valley valley block Ridge ridge block treatment treatment Girdled girdled Logged logged HemlockControl hemlock control HardwoodControl hardwood control plot plot number (1-8) plot number (1-8) replicate replicate number (1-5) replicate number (1-5) sampling.method sampling method Litter_sifting litter sifting Pitfall pitfall trap genus genus of ant Genus of ant species species of ant species of ant num.workers number of individual workers number 1 whole NA missing value 301 hf177-02-beetles.csv beetles hf177-02-beetles.csv 56394 efb26876644936d255838088fc61d63c 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p17/hf177/hf177-02-beetles.csv start.date start date YYYY-MM-DD end.date end date YYYY-MM-DD block block Valley valley block Ridge ridge block treatment treatment Girdled girdled Logged logged Hemlock hemlock control Hardwood hardwood control plot plot number (1-8) plot number (1-8) replicate replicate number (1-5) replicate number (1-5) sampling.method sampling method Litter_sifting litter sifting Pitfall pitfall trap family Family of beetle Family of beetle morphospecies.code morphospecies code as used in paper and vouchers morphospecies code as used in paper and vouchers count number of individuals of the given morphospecies number 1 natural NA missing value 801 hf177-03-spiders.csv spiders hf177-03-spiders.csv 164746 e89ac548a4dc1bf8f31221f3238a9438 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p17/hf177/hf177-03-spiders.csv start.date start date YYYY-MM-DD end.date end date YYYY-MM-DD block block Valley valley block Ridge ridge block treatment treatment Girdled girdled Logged logged Hemlock hemlock control Hardwood hardwood control plot plot number (1-8) plot number (1-8) replicate replicate number (1-5) replicate number (1-5) sampling.method sampling method Litter_sifting litter sifting Pitfall pitfall trap family Family of spider Family of spider genus genus of spider; if prefaced with “imm”, then immature, and not identified to genus. Genus of spider species species of spider; if “sp.” then not identified to species. species of spider males number of mature males number 1 whole NA missing value females number of mature females number whole NA missing value immature number of immature individuals number 1 whole NA missing value 1852 biodiversity plot short-term measurement https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf108 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf118 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf119 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf125 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf124 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf107 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf161 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf126 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf105 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf120 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf106