uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all public read doi:10.6073/pasta/fcb27856ff14a195848953732a8fd4d8 Andrew Richardson https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0148-6714 Mariah Carbone https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7832-7009 2023 English

Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) are the primary products of photosynthesis, composed mostly of sugars and starch. Recent studies show that NSC pools in mature trees can be quite large and on average a decade old. Thus, NSC pools integrate years of carbon assimilation and represent significant ecological memory at the whole plant and ecosystem level. However, we know very little about how older stored NSC versus newly assimilated NSC are used to support growth and metabolism, or how available older NSC are to trees during stress or following disturbance. To better understand these potential lags in NSC allocation, we studied mature red maple (Acer rubrum) trees in two New England temperate forests. We determined stemwood concentrations of stored sugars and starch of five trees at each site. Applying the radiocarbon (14C) “bomb spike” approach, we estimated the age of carbon in stemwood NSC, ring cellulose, and bole respiration. We also collected stump sprouts regrowing from a separate set of recently harvested red maple trees at each site, and determined the radiocarbon age of this tissue. Our data show that younger NSC is preferentially used for growth and day-to-day metabolic demands. More recently stored NSC contributes to annual ring growth and metabolism in the dormant season. Older reserves are available to the tree after disturbance (e.g. harvesting).

carbohydrates carbon tree physiology LTER controlled vocabulary primary production LTER core area Harvard Forest HFR LTER USA HFR default

This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.

Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html CC0-1.0 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf225 Harvard Forest, Bartlett Experimental Forest. Coordinates based on WGS84 datum. 72.17 71.29 +44.06 +42.53 270 340 meter 2011 2012 genus Acer species rubrum red maple complete Information Manager Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 (978) 724-3595 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu

Field methods and sampling protocol, as well as analytic methods, are described fully in the following publication: Carbone, M.S., C.I. Czimczik, T.F. Keenan, P.F. Murakami, N. Pederson, P.G. Schaberg, and A.D. Richardson, 2013, Age, allocation and availability of nonstructural carbon in mature red maple trees, New Phytologist 200: 1145-1155. 14C analyses were conducted at UC Irvine; NSC concentrations were determined at the USDA Forest Service lab in Burlington VT. The measurement precision (±1 SD) for all F14C is ≤ 0.0022 and for d13C values is ≤0.15‰.

Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 (978) 724-3595 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu https://ror.org/059cpzx98 pointOfContact The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts. National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210. hf225-01-mature-trees.csv mature trees hf225-01-mature-trees.csv 1474 90d67fe02c4b2eafaf2ffb291f3270ef 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p22/hf225/hf225-01-mature-trees.csv sample.id sample identification sample identification NA missing value dbh diameter at breast height centimeter 1 real NA missing value height height meter 0.1 real NA missing value age tree stump age in years number 1 real NA missing value sucrose nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations extracted from 2 cm stemwood cores in late summer (mg g-1 dry wood) dimensionless 0.01 real NA missing value glucose nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations extracted from 2 cm stemwood cores in late summer (mg g-1 dry wood) dimensionless 0.01 real NA missing value fructose nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations extracted from 2 cm stemwood cores in late summer (mg g-1 dry wood) dimensionless 0.01 real NA missing value raffinose nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations extracted from 2 cm stemwood cores in late summer (mg g-1 dry wood) dimensionless 0.01 real NA missing value stachyose nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations extracted from 2 cm stemwood cores in late summer (mg g-1 dry wood) dimensionless 0.01 real NA missing value total.sugar nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations extracted from 2 cm stemwood cores in late summer (mg g-1 dry wood) dimensionless 0.01 real NA missing value starch nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations extracted from 2 cm stemwood cores in late summer (mg g-1 dry wood) dimensionless 0.01 real NA missing value total nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations extracted from 2 cm stemwood cores in late summer (mg g-1 dry wood) dimensionless 0.01 real NA missing value spring.stem.co2 spring CO2 flux rate micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond 0.01 real NA missing value summer.stem.co2 summer CO2 flux rate micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond 0.01 real NA missing value ring.celluose.f14c the F14C (in Fraction Modern) of cellulose extracted from the innermost (oldest) ring in the 2 cm stemwood core dimensionless 0.0001 real NA missing ring.celluose.d13c the d13C (‰) of cellulose extracted from the innermost (oldest) ring in the 2 cm stemwood core dimensionless 0.1 real NA missing value stem.sugar.f14c the F14C (in Fraction Modern) of extracted stemwood sugars dimensionless 0.0001 real NA missing value stem.sugar.d13c the d13C (‰) of extracted stemwood sugars dimensionless 0.1 real NA missing value spring.stem.co2.f14c the F14C (in Fraction Modern) of stem CO2 emitted in spring dimensionless 0.0001 real NA missing value spring.stem.co2.d13c the d13C (‰) of stem CO2 emitted in spring dimensionless 0.1 real NA missing value summer.stem.co2.f14c the F14C (in Fraction Modern) of stem CO2 emitted in summer dimensionless 0.0001 real NA missing value summer.stem.co2.d13c the Fd13C (‰) of stem CO2 emitted in summer dimensionless 0.1 real NA missing value 10 hf225-02-stump-sprouts.csv stump sprouts hf225-02-stump-sprouts.csv 541 8c9e27ddda0b5037198601b1bc4867bc 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p22/hf225/hf225-02-stump-sprouts.csv site site identification site identification NA missing value dbh tree stump diameter at breast height centimeter 0.1 real NA missing value age tree stump age in years number 1 real NA missing value sprout.f14c sprout biomass F14C (in Fraction Modern) dimensionless 0.0001 real NA missing value sprout.d13c sprout biomass d13C (‰) dimensionless 0.1 real NA missing value 17 atmosphere community regional short-term measurement https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf176