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   <dataset id="HF232">
      <alternateIdentifier system="https://doi.org">doi:10.6073/pasta/da42492838cd562bba014e7fdcbc7415</alternateIdentifier>
      <title>Seedlings and Saplings in the Clearcut Site at Harvard Forest 2010-2013</title>
      <creator>
         <individualName>
            <givenName>Christopher</givenName>
            <surName>Williams</surName>
         </individualName>
         <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5047-0639</userId>
      </creator>
      <creator>
         <individualName>
            <givenName>Melanie</givenName>
            <surName>Vanderhoof</surName>
         </individualName>
      </creator>
      <creator>
         <individualName>
            <givenName>Myroslava</givenName>
            <surName>Khomik</surName>
         </individualName>
         <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-8833</userId>
      </creator>
      <creator>
         <individualName>
            <givenName>Richard</givenName>
            <surName>MacLean</surName>
         </individualName>
      </creator>
      <pubDate>2023</pubDate>
      <language>English</language>
      <abstract>
         <section>
            <para>The aim of this dataset is to quantify the changes over time in woody seedling and sapling abundances and sizes at a site that was clearcut in the fall of 2008, followed by natural regeneration.  It evidences successional changes in recruitment, survival, and associated self-thinning, and can be used to quantify accumulation of aboveground live biomass post-clearing with corresponding allometric relationships.</para>
         </section>
      </abstract>
      <keywordSet>
         <keyword>aboveground biomass</keyword>
         <keyword>forest disturbance</keyword>
         <keyword>regeneration</keyword>
         <keyword>species composition</keyword>
         <keyword>vegetation dynamics</keyword>
         <keywordThesaurus>LTER controlled vocabulary</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <keywordSet>
         <keyword>primary production</keyword>
         <keyword>disturbance</keyword>
         <keyword>human-environment</keyword>
         <keywordThesaurus>LTER core area</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <keywordSet>
         <keyword>Harvard Forest</keyword>
         <keyword>HFR</keyword>
         <keyword>LTER</keyword>
         <keyword>USA</keyword>
         <keywordThesaurus>HFR default</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <intellectualRights>
         <section>
            <para>This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.</para>
         </section>
      </intellectualRights>
      <licensed>
         <licenseName>Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal</licenseName>
         <url>https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html</url>
         <identifier>CC0-1.0</identifier>
      </licensed>
      <distribution>
         <online>
            <url function="information">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf232</url>
         </online>
      </distribution>
      <coverage>
         <geographicCoverage>
            <geographicDescription>Prospect Hill Tract (Harvard Forest). Coordinates based on WGS84 datum.</geographicDescription>
            <boundingCoordinates>
               <westBoundingCoordinate>-72.174</westBoundingCoordinate>
               <eastBoundingCoordinate>-72.174</eastBoundingCoordinate>
               <northBoundingCoordinate>+42.546</northBoundingCoordinate>
               <southBoundingCoordinate>+42.546</southBoundingCoordinate>
               <boundingAltitudes>
                  <altitudeMinimum>403</altitudeMinimum>
                  <altitudeMaximum>403</altitudeMaximum>
                  <altitudeUnits>meter</altitudeUnits>
               </boundingAltitudes>
            </boundingCoordinates>
         </geographicCoverage>
         <temporalCoverage>
            <rangeOfDates>
               <beginDate>
                  <calendarDate>2010</calendarDate>
               </beginDate>
               <endDate>
                  <calendarDate>2013</calendarDate>
               </endDate>
            </rangeOfDates>
         </temporalCoverage>
         <taxonomicCoverage>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Acer</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>pensylvanicum</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>striped maple</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>rubrum</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>red maple</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Betula</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>alleghaniensis</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>yellow birch</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>lenta</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>black/sweet birch</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>papyrifera</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>paper birch</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>populifolia</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>gray birch</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>spp.</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>birch</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Castanea</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>dentata</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>chestnut</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Cornus</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>sp.</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>dogwood</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Fagus</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>grandifolia</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>American beech</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Picea</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>abies</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>Norway spruce</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>glauca</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>white spruce</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Pinus</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>resinosa</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>red pine</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Pinus</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>strobus</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>white pine</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Prunus</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>pensylvanica</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>pin cherry</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>serotina</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>black cherry</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>spp.</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>cherry</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Quercus</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>rubra</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>red oak</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>velutina</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>black oak</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Sorbus</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>americana</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>American mountain ash</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Tsuga</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>canadensis</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>eastern hemlock</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
         </taxonomicCoverage>
      </coverage>
      <maintenance>
         <description>
            <para>complete</para>
         </description>
      </maintenance>
      <contact scope="document">
         <positionName>Information Manager</positionName>
         <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName>
         <address scope="document">
            <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint>
            <city>Petersham</city>
            <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
            <postalCode>01366</postalCode>
            <country>USA</country>
         </address>
         <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone>
         <electronicMailAddress>hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      </contact>
      <publisher scope="document">
         <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName>
         <address scope="document">
            <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint>
            <city>Petersham</city>
            <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
            <postalCode>01366</postalCode>
            <country>USA</country>
         </address>
         <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone>
         <phone phonetype="fax">(978) 724-3595</phone>
         <onlineUrl>https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu</onlineUrl>
      </publisher>
      <methods>
         <methodStep>
            <description>
               <section>
                  <para>In 2010, 24 5 x 5 m plots were established, and a rebar stake driven to mark one of the corners for repeated measurements.  With the 5 x 5 m plot all tree individuals were tallied and measured for diameter, height, and maximum crown width.  Diameter height was determined by classifying individuals at saplings or seedlings, above or below 1.4 m in height.  If an individual was a sapling diameter was measured at DBH (1.4 m), if a seedling diameter was measured at 15 cm.  All plots were measured at the start of a year’s field season, and then a subset remeasured approximately a month later.  The amount of plots remeasured varies by year.</para>
                  <para>Individuals were classified as saplings (more than 1 m tall) or seedlings (less than 1 m tall). Diameters were measured at 1.4 m height for saplings and 15 cm height for seedlings. Diameters less than 1 cm were recorded as 0.5 cm.</para>
               </section>
            </description>
         </methodStep>
      </methods>
      <project>
         <title>Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research</title>
         <personnel>
            <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName>
            <address>
               <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint>
               <city>Petersham</city>
               <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
               <postalCode>01366</postalCode>
               <country>USA</country>
            </address>
            <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone>
            <phone phonetype="fax">(978) 724-3595</phone>
            <onlineUrl>https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu</onlineUrl>
            <userId directory="https://ror.org">https://ror.org/059cpzx98</userId>
            <role>pointOfContact</role>
         </personnel>
         <abstract>The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts.</abstract>
         <funding>National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210.</funding>
      </project>
      <dataTable id="hf232-01">
         <entityName>hf232-01-seedling-sapling.csv</entityName>
         <entityDescription>seedling-sapling data</entityDescription>
         <physical>
            <objectName>hf232-01-seedling-sapling.csv</objectName>
            <size unit="byte">613028</size>
            <authentication method="MD5">882964bd3d176cc6e44c4aa94acef2a3</authentication>
            <dataFormat>
               <textFormat>
                  <numHeaderLines>1</numHeaderLines>
                  <recordDelimiter>\r\n</recordDelimiter>
                  <attributeOrientation>column</attributeOrientation>
                  <simpleDelimited>
                     <fieldDelimiter>,</fieldDelimiter>
                  </simpleDelimited>
               </textFormat>
            </dataFormat>
            <distribution>
               <online>
                  <url function="download">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p23/hf232/hf232-01-seedling-sapling.csv</url>
               </online>
            </distribution>
         </physical>
         <attributeList>
            <attribute id="1422550977086">
               <attributeName>date</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>date data were recorded</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <dateTime>
                     <formatString>YYYY-MM-DD</formatString>
                  </dateTime>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="2422550977086">
               <attributeName>year</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>year data were recorded</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <dateTime>
                     <formatString>YYYY</formatString>
                  </dateTime>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="3422550977086">
               <attributeName>month</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>month data were recorded</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <nominal>
                     <nonNumericDomain>
                        <textDomain>
                           <definition>month data were recorded</definition>
                        </textDomain>
                     </nonNumericDomain>
                  </nominal>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1422550977101">
               <attributeName>plot</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>plot number</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <nominal>
                     <nonNumericDomain>
                        <textDomain>
                           <definition>plot number</definition>
                        </textDomain>
                     </nonNumericDomain>
                  </nominal>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1422550977117">
               <attributeName>species</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>species code</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <nominal>
                     <nonNumericDomain>
                        <enumeratedDomain>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>ACPE</code>
                              <definition>Acer pensylvanicum</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>ACRU</code>
                              <definition>Acer rubrum</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>BEAL</code>
                              <definition>Betula alleghaniensis</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>BELE</code>
                              <definition>Betula lenta</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>BEPA</code>
                              <definition>Betula papyrifera</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>BEPO</code>
                              <definition>Betula populifolia</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>BESP</code>
                              <definition>Betula spp.</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>COSP</code>
                              <definition>Cornus sp.</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>FAGR</code>
                              <definition>Fagus grandifolia</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>PIAB</code>
                              <definition>Picea abies</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>PIGL</code>
                              <definition>Picea glauca</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>PIST</code>
                              <definition>Pinus strobus</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>PIRE</code>
                              <definition>Pinus resinosa</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>PIST</code>
                              <definition>Pinus strobus</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>PISP</code>
                              <definition>Pinus spp.</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>PRPE</code>
                              <definition>Prunus pensylvanica</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>PRSE</code>
                              <definition>Prunus serotina</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>PRSP</code>
                              <definition>Prunus spp.</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>QURU</code>
                              <definition>Quercus rubra</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>QUVE</code>
                              <definition>Quercus velutina</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>TSCA</code>
                              <definition>Tsuga canadensis</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>UNK</code>
                              <definition>Unknown spp.</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
                        </enumeratedDomain>
                     </nonNumericDomain>
                  </nominal>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1422550977132">
               <attributeName>type</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>whether the individual is considered a sapling (greater than one meter
						tall), or seedling (less than one meter tall)</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <nominal>
                     <nonNumericDomain>
                        <textDomain>
                           <definition>whether the individual is considered a sapling (greater than one meter tall), or seedling (less than one meter tall)</definition>
                        </textDomain>
                     </nonNumericDomain>
                  </nominal>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="2422550977148">
               <attributeName>diam.15cm</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>diameter at 15 cm above ground. NA indicates a value less than 1 cm that was not measured</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>centimeter</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.001</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1422550977148">
               <attributeName>dbh</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>diameter at breast height</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>centimeter</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.001</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1422550977164">
               <attributeName>max.height</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>maximum height of the individual</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>centimeter</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>1</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1422550977179">
               <attributeName>max.width</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>maximum crowth width of the individual</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>centimeter</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>1</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
         </attributeList>
         <numberOfRecords>12363</numberOfRecords>
      </dataTable>
   </dataset>
   <additionalMetadata>
      <metadata>
         <additionalClassifications>
            <researchTopic>biodiversity</researchTopic>
            <researchTopic>community</researchTopic>
            <studyType>long-term measurement</studyType>
         </additionalClassifications>
      </metadata>
   </additionalMetadata>
   <additionalMetadata>
      <metadata>
         <additionalLinks>
            <url name="Project Website">https://wordpress.clarku.edu/cwilliams/</url>
            <url name="Coarse Woody Debris in the Clearcut Site at Harvard Forest since 2010">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf220</url>
            <url name="Leaf Area in the Clearcut Site at Harvard Forest 2010-2012">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf228</url>
            <url name="Vegetation Cover in the Clearcut Site at Harvard Forest since 2010">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf222</url>
         </additionalLinks>
      </metadata>
   </additionalMetadata>
</eml:eml>
