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         packageId="knb-lter-hfr.299.5">
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   <dataset id="HF299">
      <alternateIdentifier system="https://doi.org">doi:10.6073/pasta/db052d4e207385c3a2a30ff5881b55a4</alternateIdentifier>
      <title>Incidence of Ticks and Tick Bites at Harvard Forest since 2006</title>
      <creator>
         <individualName>
            <givenName>Aaron</givenName>
            <surName>Ellison</surName>
         </individualName>
         <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4151-6081</userId>
      </creator>
      <associatedParty>
         <individualName>
            <givenName>Manisha</givenName>
            <surName>Patel</surName>
         </individualName>
         <role>Researcher</role>
      </associatedParty>
      <pubDate>2023</pubDate>
      <language>English</language>
      <abstract>
         <section>
            <para>In an effort to determine exposure to ticks and to determine appropriate preventative measures to reduce the occurrence of Lyme Disease in summer research interns at Harvard Forest, data are collected about where students work at Harvard Forest; the time spent in the field; the number of ticks students find on themselves after each trip to the field; and the number of ticks that actually bite and embed themselves in the skin. From these data, we estimate areas of high tick densities and estimate time of summer during which ticks are most prevalent. The results are used to develop recommendations for appropriate precautions that students can take to avoid tick-borne diseases.</para>
         </section>
      </abstract>
      <keywordSet>
         <keyword>disease</keyword>
         <keyword>humans</keyword>
         <keyword>insects</keyword>
         <keywordThesaurus>LTER controlled vocabulary</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <keywordSet>
         <keyword>populations</keyword>
         <keywordThesaurus>LTER core area</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <keywordSet>
         <keyword>Harvard Forest</keyword>
         <keyword>HFR</keyword>
         <keyword>LTER</keyword>
         <keyword>USA</keyword>
         <keywordThesaurus>HFR default</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <intellectualRights>
         <section>
            <para>This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.</para>
         </section>
      </intellectualRights>
      <licensed>
         <licenseName>Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal</licenseName>
         <url>https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html</url>
         <identifier>CC0-1.0</identifier>
      </licensed>
      <distribution>
         <online>
            <url function="information">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf299</url>
         </online>
      </distribution>
      <coverage>
         <geographicCoverage>
            <geographicDescription>Harvard Forest. Coordinates based on WGS84 datum.</geographicDescription>
            <boundingCoordinates>
               <westBoundingCoordinate>-72.19</westBoundingCoordinate>
               <eastBoundingCoordinate>-72.19</eastBoundingCoordinate>
               <northBoundingCoordinate>+42.53</northBoundingCoordinate>
               <southBoundingCoordinate>+42.53</southBoundingCoordinate>
               <boundingAltitudes>
                  <altitudeMinimum>340</altitudeMinimum>
                  <altitudeMaximum>340</altitudeMaximum>
                  <altitudeUnits>meter</altitudeUnits>
               </boundingAltitudes>
            </boundingCoordinates>
         </geographicCoverage>
         <temporalCoverage>
            <rangeOfDates>
               <beginDate>
                  <calendarDate>2006</calendarDate>
               </beginDate>
               <endDate>
                  <calendarDate>2019</calendarDate>
               </endDate>
            </rangeOfDates>
         </temporalCoverage>
         <taxonomicCoverage>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Dermacentor</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>variabilis</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>American dog tick</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Homo</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>sapiens</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>human</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
            <taxonomicClassification>
               <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
               <taxonRankValue>Ixodes</taxonRankValue>
               <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                  <taxonRankValue>scapularis</taxonRankValue>
                  <commonName>blacklegged deer tick</commonName>
               </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicClassification>
         </taxonomicCoverage>
      </coverage>
      <maintenance>
         <description>
            <para>ongoing</para>
         </description>
      </maintenance>
      <contact scope="document">
         <positionName>Information Manager</positionName>
         <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName>
         <address scope="document">
            <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint>
            <city>Petersham</city>
            <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
            <postalCode>01366</postalCode>
            <country>USA</country>
         </address>
         <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone>
         <electronicMailAddress>hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      </contact>
      <publisher scope="document">
         <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName>
         <address scope="document">
            <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint>
            <city>Petersham</city>
            <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
            <postalCode>01366</postalCode>
            <country>USA</country>
         </address>
         <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone>
         <phone phonetype="fax">(978) 724-3595</phone>
         <onlineUrl>https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu</onlineUrl>
      </publisher>
      <methods>
         <methodStep>
            <description>
               <section>
                  <para>Upon returning from work in the field each student will observe the number of wood ticks and deer ticks, and the number of new tick bites found on his or her body. Students will be responsible for self-reporting their individual data (number of ticks found, number of ticks that bit, location of field work, and hours spent in the field) on a data sheet.  Data will be collected after each trip to the field (daily) for the duration of the summer. Harvard University IRB 14-2587.</para>
               </section>
            </description>
         </methodStep>
      </methods>
      <project>
         <title>Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research</title>
         <personnel>
            <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName>
            <address>
               <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint>
               <city>Petersham</city>
               <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea>
               <postalCode>01366</postalCode>
               <country>USA</country>
            </address>
            <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone>
            <phone phonetype="fax">(978) 724-3595</phone>
            <onlineUrl>https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu</onlineUrl>
            <userId directory="https://ror.org">https://ror.org/059cpzx98</userId>
            <role>pointOfContact</role>
         </personnel>
         <abstract>The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts.</abstract>
         <funding>National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210.</funding>
      </project>
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         <entityDescription>tick survey data</entityDescription>
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            <distribution>
               <online>
                  <url function="download">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p29/hf299/hf299-01-survey.csv</url>
               </online>
            </distribution>
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         <attributeList>
            <attribute id="1512049318807">
               <attributeName>year</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>year of participation</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <dateTime>
                     <formatString>YYYY</formatString>
                     <dateTimePrecision>1 year</dateTimePrecision>
                  </dateTime>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
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            <attribute id="1512049318808">
               <attributeName>week</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>week of data collection</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
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                        <textDomain>
                           <definition>week of data collection</definition>
                        </textDomain>
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               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1512049318809">
               <attributeName>student.id</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>random number assigned to student</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <nominal>
                     <nonNumericDomain>
                        <textDomain>
                           <definition>random number assigned to student</definition>
                        </textDomain>
                     </nonNumericDomain>
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               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
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            <attribute id="1512049318810">
               <attributeName>student.entry</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>location of student as entered by student</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <nominal>
                     <nonNumericDomain>
                        <textDomain>
                           <definition>location of student as entered by student</definition>
                        </textDomain>
                     </nonNumericDomain>
                  </nominal>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1512049318811">
               <attributeName>location.name</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>standardized location name</attributeDefinition>
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                        <textDomain>
                           <definition>standardized location name</definition>
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                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
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            <attribute id="1512049318812">
               <attributeName>field.lab</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>whether in the field or the lab</attributeDefinition>
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                           <codeDefinition>
                              <code>F</code>
                              <definition>field</definition>
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                           <codeDefinition>
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                              <definition>lab</definition>
                           </codeDefinition>
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                  </nominal>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1512049318813">
               <attributeName>hours</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>number of work hours</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>number</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>0.1</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>real</numberType>
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                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
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            </attribute>
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               <attributeName>wood.found</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>number of wood ticks (Dermacentor variabilis) found on
						self</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>number</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>1</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>whole</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing values</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1512049318815">
               <attributeName>deer.found</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>number of deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis) found on
						self</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>number</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>1</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>whole</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1512049318816">
               <attributeName>wood.bite</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>number of wood ticks (Dermacentor variabilis) attached/bite on
						self</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>number</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>1</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>whole</numberType>
                     </numericDomain>
                  </ratio>
               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
            <attribute id="1512049318817">
               <attributeName>deer.bite</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>number of deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis) attached/bite on
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                  <ratio>
                     <unit>
                        <standardUnit>number</standardUnit>
                     </unit>
                     <precision>1</precision>
                     <numericDomain>
                        <numberType>whole</numberType>
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               </measurementScale>
               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
               </missingValueCode>
            </attribute>
         </attributeList>
         <numberOfRecords>11333</numberOfRecords>
      </dataTable>
      <dataTable id="hf299-02">
         <entityName>hf299-02-schedule.csv</entityName>
         <entityDescription>dates for tick survey</entityDescription>
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            <distribution>
               <online>
                  <url function="download">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p29/hf299/hf299-02-schedule.csv</url>
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            </distribution>
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         <attributeList>
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               <attributeDefinition>year of participation</attributeDefinition>
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                     <formatString>YYYY</formatString>
                     <dateTimePrecision>1 year</dateTimePrecision>
                  </dateTime>
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               <missingValueCode>
                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
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               <attributeName>start.date</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>start date</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
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                     <formatString>YYYY-MM-DD</formatString>
                     <dateTimePrecision>1 day</dateTimePrecision>
                  </dateTime>
               </measurementScale>
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               <attributeName>end.date</attributeName>
               <attributeDefinition>end date</attributeDefinition>
               <measurementScale>
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                     <formatString>YYYY-MM-DD</formatString>
                     <dateTimePrecision>1 day</dateTimePrecision>
                  </dateTime>
               </measurementScale>
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                  <code>NA</code>
                  <codeExplanation>missing value</codeExplanation>
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         <additionalClassifications>
            <researchTopic>biodiversity</researchTopic>
            <researchTopic>community</researchTopic>
            <studyType>long-term measurement</studyType>
         </additionalClassifications>
      </metadata>
   </additionalMetadata>
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