uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all public read doi:10.6073/pasta/5219cbd4c5cf34daa2d7b25dbe19643f White Pine Needle Decline in Walden Woods and Weston MA 2017-2018 Brian Donahue Jason Aylward David Foster https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1171-3762 Joshua Rapp https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7767-5837 Researcher Roi Karlinski Researcher 2023 English
<para>White Pine Needle Decline (WPND) is a suite of four fungal pathogens that attack third, second and in extreme cases first year needles of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus). Premature needle shedding reduces photosynthetic activity and in turn reduces growth rates and overall health of the eastern white pine, an ecologically and economically valuable species in the Northeast United States.</para> <para>Our long-term forest dynamics plots in Weston and Walden Woods are ideal for monitoring these pathogens’ effects on overstory and understory pine. The unique aspect of our study sites is the dense population of understory pine. Many of our plots are typical old-field white pine stands and are densely stocked from lack of cutting. Densely stocked stands have been shown to be more affected by WPND than more open stands (McIntire, 2017).</para> </section> </abstract> <keywordSet> <keyword>defoliation</keyword> <keyword>forest dynamics</keyword> <keyword>fungi</keyword> <keyword>pine</keyword> <keywordThesaurus>LTER controlled vocabulary</keywordThesaurus> </keywordSet> <keywordSet> <keyword>primary production</keyword> <keyword>populations</keyword> <keyword>disturbance</keyword> <keywordThesaurus>LTER core area</keywordThesaurus> </keywordSet> <keywordSet> <keyword>Harvard Forest</keyword> <keyword>HFR</keyword> <keyword>LTER</keyword> <keyword>USA</keyword> <keywordThesaurus>HFR default</keywordThesaurus> </keywordSet> <intellectualRights> <section> <para>This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.</para> </section> </intellectualRights> <licensed> <licenseName>Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal</licenseName> <url>https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html</url> <identifier>CC0-1.0</identifier> </licensed> <distribution> <online> <url function="information">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf318</url> </online> </distribution> <coverage> <geographicCoverage> <geographicDescription>Lincoln MA, Weston MA . Coordinates based on WGS84 datum.</geographicDescription> <boundingCoordinates> <westBoundingCoordinate>-71.35</westBoundingCoordinate> <eastBoundingCoordinate>-71.27</eastBoundingCoordinate> <northBoundingCoordinate>+42.46</northBoundingCoordinate> <southBoundingCoordinate>+42.32</southBoundingCoordinate> <boundingAltitudes> <altitudeMinimum>24</altitudeMinimum> <altitudeMaximum>77</altitudeMaximum> <altitudeUnits>meter</altitudeUnits> </boundingAltitudes> </boundingCoordinates> </geographicCoverage> <temporalCoverage> <rangeOfDates> <beginDate> <calendarDate>2017</calendarDate> </beginDate> <endDate> <calendarDate>2018</calendarDate> </endDate> </rangeOfDates> </temporalCoverage> <taxonomicCoverage> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Bifusella</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>linearis</taxonRankValue> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Lecanosticta</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>acicola</taxonRankValue> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Lophophacidium</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>dooksii</taxonRankValue> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Pinus</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>strobus</taxonRankValue> <commonName>eastern white pine</commonName> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Septorioides</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>strobi</taxonRankValue> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicCoverage> </coverage> <maintenance> <description> <para>complete</para> </description> </maintenance> <contact scope="document"> <positionName>Information Manager</positionName> <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName> <address scope="document"> <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint> <city>Petersham</city> <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea> <postalCode>01366</postalCode> <country>USA</country> </address> <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone> <electronicMailAddress>hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu</electronicMailAddress> </contact> <publisher scope="document"> <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName> <address scope="document"> <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint> <city>Petersham</city> <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea> <postalCode>01366</postalCode> <country>USA</country> </address> <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone> <phone phonetype="fax">(978) 724-3595</phone> <onlineUrl>https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu</onlineUrl> </publisher> <methods> <methodStep> <description> <section> <title/> <para>In 2017, 443 dominant and codominant trees located across 105 forest dynamics plots in Walden woods (several thousand acres of woods surrounding Walden pond in Concord and Lincoln, MA) were randomly selected for WPND crown and Caliciopsis canker assessments. In 2018, 695 overstory white pine located in long-term forest dynamics plots on town conservation land in Weston, MA were also assessed. Subsets of these trees (87 trees in Walden Woods and 60 in Weston) were further sampled for uncompacted live crown and crown diameter measurements.</para> <para>Understory white pine in all plots was assessed for the presence or absence of WPND and Caliciopsis canker and the density of understory plants was estimated. A subset of these trees was re-measured in 2018.</para> <para>Crown position, transparency, crown light exposure, crown dieback, crown diameter, and uncompacted crown ratio data were collected according to guidelines in Schomaker et al, 2007. Crown health was sampled according to Wyka et al, 2017. Caliciopsis canker overstory assessments were made according to Munck et al, 2015.</para> </section> <section> <title>Literature Cited Munck, I. A., Livingston, W., Lombard, K., Luther, T., Ostrofsky, W. D., Weimer, J., Wyka, S., Broders, K. (2015). Extent and Severity of Caliciopsis canker in New England, USA: an emerging disease of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.). Forests 6:4360-4373. Schomaker, Michael E., Zarnoch, Stanley J., Bechtold, William A., Latelle, David J., Burkman, William G., Cox, Susan M. (2007). Crown-condition classification: a guide to data collection and analysis. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-102. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 78 p. Wyka, S. A., McIntire, C. D., Smith, C., Munck, I. A., Rock, B. N., Asbjornsen, H., Broders, K. D. (2018). Effect of Climatic Variables on Abundance and Dispersal of Lecanosticta acicola Spores and Their Impact on Defoliation on Eastern White Pine. Phytopathology, 108(3), 374-383. Wyka, S. A., Smith, C. , Munck, I. A., Rock, B. N., Ziniti, B. L., Broders, K. (2017). Emergence of white pine needle damage in the northeastern United States is associated with changes in pathogen pressure in response to climate change. Glob Change Biol, 23: 394-405.
Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA
(978) 724-3302 (978) 724-3595 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu https://ror.org/059cpzx98 pointOfContact The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts. National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210. hf318-01-walden-plots.csv Walden plot locations hf318-01-walden-plots.csv 15680 464e534d38be49ffb9920ae8d4debf18 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p31/hf318/hf318-01-walden-plots.csv type waypoint or tract waypoint or tract NA missing value ident plot number plot number NA missing value latitude latitude degree 0.00000001 real NA missing value longitude longitude degree 0.00000001 real NA missing value y.proj y projection, WGS84 meter 0.001 real NA missing value x.proj x projection, WGS84 meter 0.0001 real NA missing value symbol symbol on GPS device representing plot symbol on GPS device representing plot NA missing value altitude altitude foot 0.000001 real NA missing value model GPS model used to record waypoint GPS model used to record waypoint NA missing value 161 hf318-02-weston-plots.csv Weston plot locations hf318-02-weston-plots.csv 9828 8ae64781bab0c64df7772c5741315f11 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p31/hf318/hf318-02-weston-plots.csv type waypoint or tract waypoint or tract NA missing value ident plot number plot number NA missing value latitude latitude degree 0.00000001 real NA missing value longitude longitude degree 0.00000001 real NA missing value y.proj y projection, WGS84 meter 0.001 real NA missing value x.proj x projection, WGS84 meter 0.0001 real NA missing value comment stand identification stand identification NA missing value symbol symbol on GPS device representing plot symbol on GPS device representing plot NA missing value model GPS model used to record waypoint GPS model used to record waypoint NA missing value desc stand identification stand identification NA missing value 100 hf318-03-overstory-crown.csv overstory crown data hf318-03-overstory-crown.csv 91584 915a975288d8cfb5c3ebeaccd16032e1 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p31/hf318/hf318-03-overstory-crown.csv town location of plot lincoln/concord greater Walden Woods area weston Weston, MA NA missing value stand stand name stand name NA missing value plot.number plot number plot number NA missing value quad quadrant location NE northeast NW northwest SE southeast SW southwest NA missing value tag tag number associated with tree tag number associated with tree NA missing value year year of sampling YYYY 1 year NA missing value date date of sampling YYYY-MM-DD 1 day NA missing value species species code PINSTR Pinus strobus, eastern white pine ACERUB Acer rubrum quealb Quercus alba querub Quercus rubra NA missing value dbh diameter at breast height centimeter 0.1 real NA missing value crown.health estimate of foliage infected by the WPND complex 0 healthy tree 1 bottom third of canopy showing signs of needle damage 2 bottom two-thirds of canopy showing signs of needle damage 3 crown infected throughout NA missing value transparency amount of skylight visible through the microholes in the live portion of the crown, i.e. where foliage or remnants of foliage occur, in 5% increments with the upper number of the range recorded (1-5%=5, 6-10%=10, etc) dimensionless 1 whole NA missing value light.exposure crown light exposure 0 no direct light exposure 1 direct light from top or one side 2 direct light from top and one side, or 2 sides without the top 3 direct light from the top and 2 sides 4 direct light from the top and 3 sides 5 100% direct sunlight (direct light from top and 4 sides) NA missing value crown.dieback crown die-back reported in 5% increments with the upper number of the range recorded (1-5%=5, 6-10%=10, etc) dimensionless 1 whole NA missing value notes notes notes NA missing value 1249 hf318-04-crown-meas.csv crown measurement data hf318-04-crown-meas.csv 12342 7e5d5b8aa8b3e46d3af213b94ceea329 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p31/hf318/hf318-04-crown-meas.csv town location of plot lincoln/concord greater Walden Woods area weston Weston, MA NA missing value stand stand name stand name NA missing value plot plot number plot number NA missing value tag tag number associated with tree tag number associated with tree NA missing value year year of sampling YYYY 1 year NA missing value date date of sampling YYYY-MM-DD 1 day NA missing value species species code PINSTR Pinus strobus, eastern white pine NA missing value quad quadrant location NE northeast NW northwest SE southeast SW southwest NA missing value crown.class position of the tree in the forest canopy 1 dominant trees 2 codominant trees 3 intermediate trees 4 suppressed trees NA missing value dbh diameter at breast height centimeter 0.1 real NA missing value crown.diameter.x crown diameter at widest distance between the driplines of 2 live branches meter 0.1 real NA missing value crown.diameter.y crown diameter perpendicular to widest measurement of crown diameter meter 0.1 real NA missing value tree.height tree height meter 0.1 real NA missing value crown.base crown base height meter 0.1 real NA missing value crown.height top of crown height, often the same as tree height meter 0.1 real NA missing value notes additional notes additional notes NA missing value 147 hf318-05-wpnd-caliciopsis.csv white pine needle decline and caliciopsis hf318-05-wpnd-caliciopsis.csv 15963 570d3284608cb4c064b9ff3d9b3b553c 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p31/hf318/hf318-05-wpnd-caliciopsis.csv town location of plot lincoln/concord greater Walden Woods area weston Weston, MA NA missing value stand stand name stand name NA missing value plot plot number plot number NA missing value year year of sampling YYYY 1 year NA missing value date date of sampling YYYY-MM-DD 1 day NA missing value wpnd.understory presence of white pine needle decline on understory pine p present a absent NA missing value wp.understory estimate of white pine density count 10 or fewer 20 11-20 30 21-30 40 31-40 50 41 or more Free text (unrestricted) .* NA missing value wpnd.understory.per estimate of percentage of white pine understory trees that have WPND dimensionless 1 whole NA missing value caliciopsis.canker.understory presence of cankers on understory pines p present a absent NA missing value notes additional notes taken at plot level additional notes taken at plot level NA missing value 294 conservation invasive short-term measurement