Carbon Budget at the Harvard Forest 1992-2015

<para>How, where, and why carbon (C) moves into and out of an ecosystem through time are long-standing questions in biogeochemistry. Here, we bring together hundreds of thousands of C-cycle observations at the Harvard Forest in central Massachusetts, USA, a mid-latitude landscape dominated by 80–120-year-old closed-canopy forests. These data answered four questions: </para> <para>(i) where and how much C is presently stored in dominant forest types; (ii) what are current rates of C accrual or loss; (iii) what biotic and abiotic factors contribute to variability in these rates; and (iv) is climate change affecting the forest’s C cycle?</para> <para>Harvard Forest is an active C sink resulting from forest regrowth following land abandonment. Soil and tree biomass comprise nearly equal portions of existing C stocks. Net primary production (NPP) averaged 750–970 g C m-2 yr-1; belowground NPP contributed 30–60% of the total. Mineral soil C measured in the same inventory plots in 1992 and 2013 were too heterogeneous to detect change in soil-C pools; however, radiocarbon data suggest a small but persistent sink of 10–30 g C m-2 yr-1. Net ecosystem production (NEP) in hardwood stands averaged ~300 g C m-2 yr-1. NEP in hemlock-dominated forests averaged ~450 g C m-2 yr-1 prior to infestation by the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) in 2013, and then became a net C source. Stand dynamics and climate change in the last three decades enhanced the C sink in hardwood stands; NPP increased 26% between 2000–2014 (p = 0.02) and NEP increased 93% between 1992–2015 (p = 0.13). Compared to long-term global change experiments at the Harvard Forest, the C sink in regrowing biomass equaled or exceeded C cycle modifications imposed by soil warming, N saturation, and hemlock removal. Median forest biomass in the surrounding ecoregion was only 78% of that at the Harvard Forest due to higher timber harvesting rates across the region. Results of this synthesis and comparison to simulation models suggest that forests across the region are likely to accrue C for decades to come but may be disrupted if the frequency or severity of disturbance increases.</para> </section> </abstract> <keywordSet> <keyword>biomass</keyword> <keyword>carbon</keyword> <keyword>climate change</keyword> <keyword>land use</keyword> <keyword>litterfall</keyword> <keyword>net primary production</keyword> <keyword>soil respiration</keyword> <keywordThesaurus>LTER controlled vocabulary</keywordThesaurus> </keywordSet> <keywordSet> <keyword>primary production</keyword> <keyword>organic matter</keyword> <keyword>disturbance</keyword> <keywordThesaurus>LTER core area</keywordThesaurus> </keywordSet> <keywordSet> <keyword>Harvard Forest</keyword> <keyword>HFR</keyword> <keyword>LTER</keyword> <keyword>USA</keyword> <keywordThesaurus>HFR default</keywordThesaurus> </keywordSet> <intellectualRights> <section> <para>This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.</para> </section> </intellectualRights> <licensed> <licenseName>Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal</licenseName> <url>https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html</url> <identifier>CC0-1.0</identifier> </licensed> <distribution> <online> <url function="information">https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf324</url> </online> </distribution> <coverage> <geographicCoverage> <geographicDescription>Harvard Forest. Coordinates based on WGS84 datum.</geographicDescription> <boundingCoordinates> <westBoundingCoordinate>-72.24</westBoundingCoordinate> <eastBoundingCoordinate>-72.16</eastBoundingCoordinate> <northBoundingCoordinate>+42.56</northBoundingCoordinate> <southBoundingCoordinate>+42.45</southBoundingCoordinate> <boundingAltitudes> <altitudeMinimum>220</altitudeMinimum> <altitudeMaximum>410</altitudeMaximum> <altitudeUnits>meter</altitudeUnits> </boundingAltitudes> </boundingCoordinates> </geographicCoverage> <temporalCoverage> <rangeOfDates> <beginDate> <calendarDate>1992</calendarDate> </beginDate> <endDate> <calendarDate>2015</calendarDate> </endDate> </rangeOfDates> </temporalCoverage> </coverage> <maintenance> <description> <para>complete</para> </description> </maintenance> <contact scope="document"> <positionName>Information Manager</positionName> <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName> <address scope="document"> <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint> <city>Petersham</city> <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea> <postalCode>01366</postalCode> <country>USA</country> </address> <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone> <electronicMailAddress>hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu</electronicMailAddress> </contact> <publisher scope="document"> <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName> <address scope="document"> <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint> <city>Petersham</city> <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea> <postalCode>01366</postalCode> <country>USA</country> </address> <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone> <phone phonetype="fax">(978) 724-3595</phone> <onlineUrl>https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu</onlineUrl> </publisher> <methods> <methodStep> <description> <section> <title/> <para>We compiled data from 84 data tables from the Harvard Forest Data Archive, in addition to a few unpublished data sets (included here). From these, we compiled the following synthetic data sets. The R and MATLAB code is archived here, so that these compilations may be re-created or updated as data are added over time.</para> <para>1. Live trees and their biomass by tree (129,348 observations; each row is a tree by year observation)</para> <para>2. Litterfall (1301 observations; each row is a plot by year observation)</para> <para>3. Coarse woody debris (9312 observations; each row is a piece by year observation)</para> <para>4. Fine woody debris (1635 observations; each row is a plot by year observation)</para> <para>5. Standing dead wood (5539 observations; each row is a piece by year observation)</para> <para>6. Soil carbon (2927 observations; each row is a core by time observation)</para> <para>7. Fine root biomass (3145 observations; each row is a sample by time observation)</para> <para>We also compiled eddy-flux and meteorological data from the EMS tower (HF004), HEM tower (HF103), and CC tower (hf233).</para> </section> </description> </methodStep> </methods> <project> <title>Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 (978) 724-3595 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu https://ror.org/059cpzx98 pointOfContact The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts. National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210. hf324-01-tree-biomass.csv live trees biomass hf324-01-tree-biomass.csv 24742173 8de433b6cd3107e7e8ab4b1dcd69afd6 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p32/hf324/hf324-01-tree-biomass.csv year year of measurement YYYY 1 year NA missing value year1 date used to scale up to plot-level measurements. For projects hf032, the years 1987, 1991 & 1992 are lumped as 1991; for project hf126, the years 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 are lumped as 2004 YYYY 1 year NA missing value doy day of year nominalDay 1 natural NA missing value archive Harvard Forest Data Archive number Harvard Forest Data Archive number NA missing value contact contact person for dataset contact person for dataset NA missing value project project name proiect name NA missing value type forest type hardwood hardwood conifer conifer NA missing value size plot area (m2). To scale up, use this area (m2) with trees grouped by project, plot and year1 squareMeter 0.0000001 real NA missing value lat latitude degree 0.001 real NA missing value long longitude degree 0.001 real NA missing value obs.exp whether observational or experimental measurement obs observational exp experimental NA missing value treatment if experimental, treatment type pulldown pulldown NA missing value treat.year if experimental, treatment year if experimental, treatment year NA missing value tract Harvard Forest tract name PH Prospect Hill PISGAH Pisgah SC Slab City SIMES Simes TS Tom Swamp NA missing vlaue site specific site of plot specific site of plot NA missing value plot plot identifier. Its size matches the 'size' column plot identifier. Its size matches the 'size' column NA missing value subplot subsection of plot subsection of plot NA missing value subsize size in m2 of subplots squareMeter 0.01 real NA missing value tree tree identifier tree identifier NA missing value species tree species ABBA Abies balsamea ACPE Acer pensylvanicum ACRU Acer rubrum ACSA Acer saccharum ACSC Acer spicatum ACSP Acer spp. ALIN Alnus incata BEAL Betula alleghaniensis BELE Betula lenta BEPA Betula papyrifera BEPO Betula populifolia BESP Betula spp. CACA Carpinus caroliniana CADE Castanea dentata CAGL Carya glabra CAOV Carya ovata CASP Carya species FAGR Fagus grandifolia FRAM Fraxinus americana FRNI Fraxinus nigra HAVI Hammamelis virginiana JUVI Juniperus virginiana LASP Larix spp. NYSY Nyssa sylvatica OSVI Ostrya virginiana PIAB Picea abies PIGL Picea glauca PIRE Pinus resinosa PIRI Pinus rigida PIRU Picea rubens PISP Picea spp. PIST Pinus strobus PISY Pinus sylvestris POGR Populus grandidentata POSP Populus spp. PRPE Prunus pensylvanica PRSE Prunus serotina PRVI Prunus virginiana QUAL Quercus alba QUBI Quercus bicolor QUCO Quercus coccinea QURU Quercus rubra QUVE Quercus velutina ROPS Robinia pseudo-acacia SOAM Sorbus americana TIAM Tilia americana TSCA Tsuga canadensis ULAM Ulmus americana ULSP Ulmus spp. UNK unknown NA missing value dbh diameter at breast height centimeter 0.01 real NA missing value method method of measurement dbh diameter at breast height dendro dendrometer NA missing value min.dbh minimum diameter tree measured in a study centimeter 0.1 real NA missing value interval number of years between the current measurement and the prior measurement, where applicable number 1 whole NA missing value dbhprior diameter at breast height (cm), at the prior measurement, or for recruits, the minimum dbh in the study centimeter 0.1 real NA missing value cond condition L Live. For individually tagged tree with demographic information, tree was live and censused in the prior measurement M Mortality. A tree that was live in the prior census but died between the prior and current census miss Missed. For projects with individually tracked trees, a tree that was missed in the current census. R Recruit. For individually tagged trees, a tree that grew into the minimum size class since the prior census. NA missing value demography demography yes project in which trees are individually tracked no project in which trees are not individually tracked NA missing value biomass.af20 biomass of the tree, calculated using species-specific allometry equations kilogram 0.000000001 real NA missing value biomassprior.af20 biomass of the tree at its prior measurement, if any, calculated using species specific allometry equations kilogram 0.000000001 real NA missing value rootratio estimated ratio of coarse root biomass to aboveground biomass at tree's prior measurement (if any) based on species group and tree diamter, based on Jenkins et al. 2004 dimensionless 0.000000001 real NA missing value rootratioprior estimated ratio of coarse root biomass to aboveground biomass based on species group and tree diameter, based on Jenkins et al. 2005 dimensionless 0.000000001 real NA missing value coarseroot.kg biomass.af20*rootratio, estimated coarse root biomass kilogram 0.000000001 real NA missing value coarseroot.kgprior biomassprior.af20*rootratioprior, estimated coarse root biomass at tree's prior measurement, if any kilogram 0.000000001 real NA missing value 129348 hf324-02-litterfall.csv litterfall hf324-02-litterfall.csv 165605 44059f51eea5d1292493c7482ff05fe0 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p32/hf324/hf324-02-litterfall.csv year litter year (usually sept to aug of following year, year given is from beginning of interval) YYYY 1 year NA missing value archive Harvard Forest Data Archive number Harvard Forest Data Archive number NA missing value contact contact person for dataset contact person for dataset NA missing value project project name project name NA missing value type forest type conifer conifer hardwood hardwood size plot area squareMeter 0.0000001 real NA missing value lat latitude degree 0.000001 real NA missing value long longitude degree 0.000001 real NA missing value obs.exp whether observational or experimental measurement obs observational exp experimental NA missing value treatment if experimental, treatment type if experimental, treatment type NA missing value treat.year if experimental, treatment year if experimental, treatment year NA missing value tract Harvard Forest tract name Harvard Forest tract name NA missing value site specific site of plot specific site of plot NA missing value plot plot identifier plot identifier NA missing value nbasket number of litter baskets per plot number 0.000000001 real NA missing value bask.area area of opening of litter basket squareMeter 0.00000001 real NA missing value foliar.gcm2 foliar (leaf only) litter mass. In some cases, this might include flowers and fruits but not cones (g carbon per m2) gramsPerSquareMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value nonfoliar.gcm2 twigs, wood, and where separable also fruits, flowers, acorns, cones (g carbon per m2) gramsPerSquareMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value total.gcm2 total litterfall mass (g carbon per m2) gramsPerSquareMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value notes notes notes 1301 hf324-03-cwd.csv coarse woody debris hf324-03-cwd.csv 1618179 05dfd1c1c0b6ba5718d079deeba98bb5 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p32/hf324/hf324-03-cwd.csv year year of measurement YYYY 1 year NA missing value project project nickname project nickname NA missing value archive Harvard Forest Data Archive number Harvard Forest Data Archive number NA missing value contact contact person for dataset contact person for dataset NA missing value lat latitude degree 0.000000001 real NA missing value long longitude degree 0.000000001 real NA missing value plot plot identifier plot identifier NA missing value site specific site of plot specific site of plot NA missing value type forest type conifer conifer hardwood hardwood NA missing value obs.exp whether observational or experimental measurement obs observational exp experimental NA missing value treatment if experimental, treatment type if experimental, treatment type NA missing value treat.year if experimental, treatment year YYYY 1 year NA missing value tract Harvard Forest tract name PH Prospect Hill PISGAH Pisgah (in New Hampshire) Simes Harvard Simes Tract SimesTrust land owned by Simes Trust, just south/east of PH gate 8 TS Tom Swamp NA missing value method inventory method for CWD linetran down wood measured along intersections with a line transect 1 down wood measured within a fixed-radius plot; calculate volume as frustum of cone inputting baseD; topD; length.m 1a down wood measured within a fixed-radius plot; calculate volume using Newton's formula, inputting baseD; midD; topD; length.m NA missing value plot.size.m2 area of plot for plot method squareMeter 0.0001 real NA missing value transect transect identifier, for linetran method; note: for linetran method, sum up volume or mass by aggregating by plot+transect ID transect identifier NA missing value tran.length.m transect length for linetran method meter 0.01 real NA missing value species tree species ACPE Acer pensylvanicum ACRU Acer rubrum ACSA Acer saccharum ACSP Acer spp. BEAL Betula alleghaniensis BELE Betula lenta BEPA Betula papyrifera BEPO Betula populifolia BESP Betula spp. CADE Castanea dentata CASP Carya species CONF conifer DECD deciduous FAGR Fagus grandifolia FRAM Fraxinus americana HAVI Hammamelis virginiana OSVI Ostrya virginiana PIAB Picea abies PIGL Picea glauca PI Picea species not specified PIRE Pinus resinosa PIRU Picea rubens PISP Picea spp. PIST Pinus strobus PRSE Prunus serotina PRSP Prunus species not specified QUAL Quercus alba QURU Quercus rubra QUSP Quercus species not specified TSCA Tsuga canadensis UNK unknown NA missing value decay.scale decay scale 1to5 scale of 1 to 5 1to3 scale of 1 to 3 S.R sound or rotten NA missing value decay decay class 1 1-5 scale: solid wood, recently fallen, bark and twigs present / 1-3 scale: solid 2 1-5 scale: solid wood, significantly weathering, branches present / 1-3 scale: partially decayed, broken 3 1-5 scale: wood not solid, bark may be sloughing but nail still must be pounded into wood / 1-3 scale: decomposed into soil 4 wood sloughing and/or friable, nail may be forcibly pushed into wood 5 wood friable, barely holding shape, nail may be easily pushed into wood sound sound rotten rotten Free text (unrestricted) .* NA missing value min.diam.cm minimum diameter of wood included in survey centimeter 0.1 real NA missing value diam1 diameter of wood where it crosses the transect (linetran). A negative number measures the hollow within a log in the same transect centimeter 0.1 real NA missing value diam2 second measurement of diameter taken perpendicular to first (linetran) centimeter 0.1 real NA missing value diamavg elliptical average diameter; if only one diameter recorded, it is in this column (linetran) centimeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value length.m length of down wood piece (plot-based method) meter 0.001 real NA missing value base.d diameter at the base of the down wood piece (plot-based method) centimeter 0.01 real NA missing value mid.d diameter at the midpoint of the down wood piece (plot-based method) centimeter 0.01 real NA missing value top.d diameter at the top of the down wood piece (plot-based method) centimeter 0.01 real NA missing value dens density of the wood, based on its species and decay class gramsPerCubicCentimeter 0.01 real NA missing value vol.area calculated volume based on method specified litersPerSquareMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value mass mass, g/m2, calculated from the equation dens*(1/0.000001))*volume) kilogramsPerSquareMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value hollow whether or not a hollow N not a hollow Y measurement is of a hollow, so should be a negative value that is subtracted from the total volume NA missing value notes notes including tag numbers for individually tracked pieces; in hf041, the number is the compass angle of the piece, followed by W=windthrown or S=snapped notes NA missing value 9312 hf324-04-fwd.csv fine woody debris hf324-04-fwd.csv 229799 08eaf80157261710e6f2adade3d2c68e 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p32/hf324/hf324-04-fwd.csv year year of measurement YYYY 1 year NA missing value project project name project name NA missing value archive Harvard Forest Data Archive number Harvard Forest Data Archive number NA missing value contact contact person for dataset contact person for dataset NA missing value type forest type AcerBetula AcerBetula Pinus Pinus Quercus Quercus Tsuga Tsuga NA missing value plot plot identifier plot identifier NA missing value lat latitude degree 0.00000001 real NA missing value long longitude degree 0.00000001 real NA missing value obs.exp whether observational or experimental measurement exp experimental obs observational NA missing value treatment if experimental, treatment type if experimental, treatment type NA missing value treat.year if experimental, treatment year YYYY 1 year NA missing value tract Harvard Forest tract name Harvard Forest tract name NA missing value transect transect number transect number NA missing value distance.m distance measured meter 1 natural NA missing value size.class size class of fwd 1 0.65-2.4 cm 2 2.5-7.5 cm 1-10cm all pieces in the 1-10 cm range were lumped together NA missing value count number of fwd pieces number 1 whole NA missing value d2q squared average quadratic mean diameter, m2, by species/species type and size class (Harmon and Sexton 1996) squareMeter 0.000001 real NA missing value a species-specific constant used to calculate volume (Harmon and Sexton 1996) dimensionless 0.01 real NA missing value dens species-specific density, g/cm3, used to calculate mass (Harmon and Sexton 1996) gramsPerCubicCentimeter 0.001 real NA missing value volume volume, m3/m2, calculated with the equation V= 9.869*count*a*(d2q/(8*distance.m)), where V is volume per unit area, d is the quadratic mean piece diameter for a size class, and a is the average secant piece along the transect (Harmon and Sexton 1996) litersPerSquareMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value mass mass, g/m2, calculated from the equation dens*(1/0.000001))*volume) gramsPerSquareMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value 1635 hf324-05-snag.csv standing dead wood hf324-05-snag.csv 1062053 e612d3eca7e8872833aa420317aaffb9 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p32/hf324/hf324-05-snag.csv year year of measurement YYYY 1 year NA missing value project project nickname project nickname NA missing value archive Harvard Forest Data Archive number Harvard Forest Data Archive number NA missing value contact contact person for dataset contact person for dataset NA missing value lat latitude degree 0.001 real NA missing value long longitude degree 0.001 real NA missing value plot plot identifier plot identifier NA missing value site specific site of plot specific site of plot NA missing value type forest type conifer conifer hardwood hardwood NA missing value obs.exp whether observational or experimental measurement exp experimental obs observational NA missing value treatment if experimental, treatment type if experimental, treatment type NA missing value treat.year if experimental, treatment year YYYY 1 year NA missing value tract Harvard Forest tract name PH Prospect Hill Pisgah Pisgah (in New Hampshire) Simes Harvard Simes Tract SimesTrust land owned by Simes Trust, just south/east of PH gate 8 TS Tom Swamp NA missing value method method to calculate volume of the sample 1 calculate volume as frustum of cone inputting baseD; topD; height.m 1a calculate volume as frustum of cone with slightly too-small base diameter inputting dbh, topD, height.m 2 calculate volume as cylinder inputting dbh.cm and height.m 3 calculate volume as cylinder inputting midD and height.m 3a calculate volume as cylinder inputting baseD and height.m 3b calculate volume as cylinder inputting baseD and height.m 4 calculate MASS with species-specific allometric equation, then use the INVERSE of the DENSITY to calculate volume 5 do not calculate volume. Either no wood in plot or transect, or too much missing information (18 trees total) NA missing value plot.size.m2 area of plot (m2) in which snags and stumps were sampled. This is a total area per plot for plots in which more than one strip plot was measured (hf-here) squareMeter 0.0001 real NA missing value transect transect identifier for studies in which more than one strip-transect measured per overall plot (hf-here) transect identifier for studies in which more than one strip-transect measured per overall plot (hf-here) NA missing value tran.size.m2 transect area (m2) when more than one strip-transect per plot (hf-here) squareMeter 1 natural NA missing value species tree species ACPE Acer pensylvanicum ACRU Acer rubrum ACSA Acer saccharum ACSP Acer spp. BEAL Betula alleghaniensis BELE Betula lenta BEPA Betula papyrifera BEPO Betula populifolia BESP Betula spp. CADE Castanea dentata CASP Carya species CONF conifer DECD deciduous FAGR Fagus grandifolia FRAM Fraxinus americana HAVI Hammamelis virginiana OSVI Ostrya virginiana PIAB Picea abies PIGL Picea glauca PI Picea species not specified PIRE Pinus resinosa PIRU Picea rubens PISP Picea spp. PIST Pinus strobus PRSE Prunus serotina PRSP Prunus species not specified QUAL Quercus alba QURU Quercus rubra QUSP Quercus species not specified TSCA Tsuga canadensis UNK unknown NA missing value decay.scale decay scale 1to5 1 to 5 NA missing value decay decay class 1 solid wood, recently fallen, bark and twigs present 2 solid wood, significantly weathering, branches present 3 wood not solid, bark may be sloughing but nail still must be pounded into wood 4 wood sloughing and/or friable, nail may be forcibly pushed into wood 5 wood friable, barely holding shape, nail may be easily pushed into wood NA missing value type.1 category of dead wood hollow hollow within a snag that is subtracted from the total volume intact intact tree snag standing dead tree with branches and part of crown missing stump cut tree NA missing value treenum tag number for individually identified pieces or trees tag number for individually identified pieces or trees NA missing value dbh.cm minimum diameter of wood included in survey centimeter 0.01 real NA missing value base.d diameter at the base of the down wood piece (plot-based method) centimeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value mid.d diameter at the midpoint of the down wood piece (plot-based method) centimeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value top.d diameter at the top of the down wood piece (plot-based method) centimeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value height.m height of wood piece meter 0.001 real NA missing value dens density of the wood, based on its species and decay class gramsPerCubicCentimeter 0.01 real NA missing value volume calculated volume based on method specified cubicMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value mass calculated mass, based on volume and density gramsPerSquareMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value notes notes including tag numbers for individually tracked pieces; in hf041, the number is the compass angle of the piece, followed by W=windthrown or S=snapped notes NA missing value vol.area volume per unit area (divide by plot.size.m2) litersPerSquareMeter 0.0000000000000001 real NA missing value biomass for method 4 only, mass of snag calculated by allometry kilogram 0.000000001 real NA missing value 5539 hf324-06-soil-carbon.csv soil carbon hf324-06-soil-carbon.csv 640213 7e860fd8552e4f2ca7b25281957693ef 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p32/hf324/hf324-06-soil-carbon.csv year year of measurement YYYY 1 year NA missing value month month of measurement month of measurement NA missing value day day of measurement day of measurement NA missing value doy day of year of measurement nominalDay 1 natural NA missing value project project nickname project nickname NA missing value archive Harvard Forest Data Archive number; unpublished data not in HF Data Archive; data from published paper Harvard Forest Data Archive number; unpublished data not in HF Data Archive; data from published paper NA missing value contact contact person for dataset contact person for dataset NA missing value lat latitude degree 0.000000001 real NA missing value long longitude degree 0.000000001 real NA missing value plot plot identifier plot identifier NA missing value site specific site of plot specific site of plot NA missing value type forest type hardwood hardwood conifer conifer NA missing value obs.exp whether observational or experimental measurement exp experimental obs observational NA missing value treatment if experimental, treatment type if experimental, treatment type NA missing value treat.year if experimental, treatment year YYYY 1 year NA missing value tract Harvard Forest tract name BW Barre Woods, generally known as Slab City [SC] PH Prospect Hill PISGAH Pisgah (in New Hampshire) Simes Harvard Simes Tract TS Tom Swamp NA missing value species species ACSA Acer saccharum DECD deciduous (hardwood) FAGR Fagus grandifolia FRAM Fraxinus americana PIRE Pinus resinosa QURU Quercus rubra TSCA Tsuga canadensis NA missing value sample sample number sample number NA missing value sublot.replicate replicate number replicate number NA missing value horizon soil horizon soil horizon NA missing value depth depth of sample relative to the top of the mineral soil (mineral) or horizon thickness (organic) depth of sample relative to the top of the mineral soil (mineral) or horizon thickness (organic) NA missing value soil.mass soil mass gram 0.001 real NA missing value bulk.density bulk density gramsPerCubicCentimeter 0.00000001 real NA missing value rock.volume volume of rocks in sample milliliter 0.000000001 real NA missing value per.om percentage of organic matter dimensionless 0.001 real NA missing value n number of samples number 1 real NA missing value per.c carbon content (%) dimensionless 0.001 real NA missing value per.c.se standard error of the carbon content (%) dimensionless 0.001 real NA missing value per.n nitrogen content (%) dimensionless 0.00001 real NA missing value per.n.se standard error of the nitrogen content (%) dimensionless 0.001 real NA missing value c.mass mass of carbon kilogramsPerSquareMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value c.mass.rocks mass of carbon corrected for the volume of rocks in sample kilogramsPerSquareMeter 0.000000001 real NA missing value use.not whether or not to use data for synthesis 0 do not use data 1 use data NA missing value notes notes notes NA missing value 2928 hf324-07-root-biomass.csv fine root biomass hf324-07-root-biomass.csv 881976 c57ec5bc433aa7bd35711b0e8e7ad119 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p32/hf324/hf324-07-root-biomass.csv year year of measurement YYYY 1 year NA missing value month month of measurement month of measurement NA missing value day day of measurement day of measurement NA missing value doy day of year of measurement nominalDay 1 natural NA missing value project project nickname project nickname NA missing value archive Harvard Forest Data Archive Number; unpublished data that are not in the Harvard Forest archive; data from published papers Harvard Forest Data Archive Number; unpublished data that are not in the Harvard Forest archive; data from published papers NA missing value contact contact person for dataset contact person for dataset NA missing value lat latitude degree 0.000000001 real NA missing value long longitude degree 0.000000001 real NA missing value plot plot identifier plot identifier NA missing value site specific site of plot specific site of plot NA missing value type forest type conifer conifer hardwood hardwood NA missing value obs.exp whether observational or experimental measurement exp experimental obs observational NA missing value treatment if experimental, treatment type if experimental, treatment type NA missing value treat.year if experimental, treatment year YYYY 1 year NA missing value tract Harvard Forest tract name BW Barre Woods, generally known as Slab City [SC] PH Prospect Hill PISGAH Pisgah (in New Hampshire) Simes Harvard Simes Tract TS Tom Swamp NA missing value species species ACSA Acer saccharum DECD deciduous (hardwood) FAGR Fagus grandifolia FRAM Fraxinus americana PIRE Pinus resinosa QURU Quercus rubra TSCA Tsuga canadensis NA missing value method inventory method for root biomass inventory method for root biomass NA missing value sample sample number sample number NA missing value live.dead root state dead dead live live NA missing value fine.coarse.herb root size coarse great than 2mm diameter fine less than 2mm diameter herbaceous herbaceous root NA missing value horizon soil horizon mineral mineral organic organic organic+mineral organic and mineral NA missing value depth depth of sample relative to the top of the mineral soil (mineral) or horizon thickness (organic) depth of sample relative to the top of the mineral soil (mineral) or horizon thickness (organic) NA missing value rock.volume volume of rocks in sample milliliter 0.000000001 real NA missing value n number of samples number 1 whole NA missing value wt.g root mass gram 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saccharum FAGR Fagus grandifolia FRAM Fraxinus americana QURU Quercus rubra TSCA Tsuga canadensis NA missing value rock.volume volume of rocks in sample milliliter 0.0001 real NA missing value n number of samples number 1 natural NA missing value gcm2day mass of exudates (gC/m2/day) gramPerMeterSquaredPerDay 0.000000001 real NA missing value se standard error of the mass of exudates (gC/m2/day) dimensionless 0.000000001 real NA missing value gcm2day.rock mass of exudates corrected for the rock content in the samples (gC/m2/day) gramPerMeterSquaredPerDay 0.000000001 real NA missing value use.not whether or not to use data for synthesis 0 do not use data 1 use data NA missing value notes notes notes NA missing value 26 hf324-09-tree-code-files.zip tree workflow, R scripts and files hf324-09-tree-code-files.zip 2055548 f6292f3a0a14637e46beb3c616c09342 zip csv, Microsoft Excel, R script, text https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p32/hf324/hf324-09-tree-code-files.zip document, script, table hf324-10-litter-dead-wood-processing.zip litterfall and dead wood processing files and R scripts hf324-10-litter-dead-wood-processing.zip 7904 64229974dc938bfdcc4048a5ce8e44f0 zip csv, text, R script https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p32/hf324/hf324-10-litter-dead-wood-processing.zip document, script hf324-11-matlab-giasson-files.zip MATLAB code and input files hf324-11-matlab-giasson-files.zip 94416813 81984604d984e5e8ddd30a2587c8c157 zip csv, Matlab script, Microsoft Excel, text, R script https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p32/hf324/hf324-11-matlab-giasson-files.zip document, script, table atmosphere invasive plot soil long-term measurement https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/major-research-topics/major-research-topics/forest-atmosphere-exchange https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf000 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf001 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