uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all public read doi:10.6073/pasta/f9f5fc54a7429ef53367b66f9d8c6598 Neil Pederson https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3830-263X Daniel Bishop https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-5996 Researcher Javier Martin Fernandez Researcher Tessa Mandra Researcher 2023 English

Vegetation and tree-ring data were collected according to PalEON sampling protocol. Three plots were established in the Lyford Plot. All trees greater than 10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) in a 13 m radius were mapped using distance and azimuth from plot center and measured for DBH. Canopy strata (dominant, co-dominant, intermediate, and suppressed), life status (live or dead) and structural position if dead (snag, log, or stump hole) were determined for each tree. The trees were then cored. Two to three cores were removed from all trees sampled, live or dead, when possible; some were too rotten to core. Decay classes were determined for all deadwood following Bunnell and Houde (Bunnell, F.L. and Houde, I., 2010, Down wood and biodiversity--implications to forest practices, Environmental Reviews, 18, pp.397-421). Surveys were made of saplings (all stems 2.5-4.99 cm DBH from plot center out to 5 m) and poles (all stems 5-9.99 in DBH from plot center out to 9 m). This protocol was repeated for 13-20 m from plot center, but only for trees greater than 20 cm DBH, to increase representation and possibly sample a higher proportion of old trees. Tree-ring measurements were taken from all usable cores and portions of usable cores for each plot. Some cores had too much rot or other issues to be useful. The occurrence of a missing or locally absent ring, where a tree did not fully form a ring on the side of the tree that was cored, is designated with a zero.

Initial written deadwood entries from May 2013 (pages 5, 6, and 9) were not used and were resampled in June 2015 (pages 12-14) following updated protocol.

Data are provided in both traditional Tucson and csv formats. Tucson files are organized by species where the species code is the first two letters of the genus plus the first two letters of the species. Tuscon files contain total raw ring width (.rwl), earlywood ring width (.ewr), or latewood ring width (.lwr). Tucson data can be read as a space-delimited file in most coding languages. In R, package dplR has built-in function read.rwl that converts .rwl files to a data frame (rows become years; columns become ring-width series). For more information on the Tucson data format, please see: Brewer, P.W., Murphy, D. and Jansma, E., 2011. TRiCYCLE: a universal conversion tool for digital tree-ring data. Tree-Ring Research, 67(2), pp.135-144.

LF3 Tree 36 (ACRU) is missing from the ring-width files. The cores were unaccounted for from the field and presumed lost in transit. Due to sampling early in the growing season (May 2013), some hardwood samples (all ACRU, FAGR, BELE, HAVI, and BEAL) from LF1 trees 1-21, LF2 trees 1-31, and LF3 trees 1-27 did not have measurable partial rings for 2013. In contrast, samples from QURU and TSCA had measurable earlywood from 2013, which is included in the ring-width files. All other samples were taken in November 2014, and should have full rings through 2014, unless otherwise indicated. Details of the range of years measured for each series are included in the core notes. Red oak and black oak have been merged into QURU files due to species identification uncertainty. However, field notes have current species ID (QURU or QUVE). Plots will be revisited to confirm identification on other potential QUVE trees. Lyford census tag numbers were determined by mapping and co-locating trees using distance, DBH, and species identification. Trees were not tagged in the field during the census, but mapped Cartesian coordinates are available in Harvard Forest dataset HF032, Lyford Mapped Tree Plot at Harvard Forest since 1969. Dead trees were co-located as best as possible, although some were not located due to a lack of nearby trees with similar DBH and species IDs. Trees that were too decayed to obtain a species ID (e.g., stump holes, and decay class 5 logs and stumps) were not assigned census plot tag numbers.

Discrepancies were found between the PalEON and Harvard Forest census data, including four trees whose most recent census DBH and the PalEON plot DBH were in disagreement by more than 5 cm. Andria Dawson and Audrey Barker Plotkin located the trees in the field and determined the reasons for the discrepancies. The data was corrected according to their notes: PalEON id 107 [LF1, tree 7] – PalEON DBH was listed as 22.6 cm, while the 2011 census DBH was 31.2 cm. This tree is recently dead. We found it and measured the DBH and got 30 cm. It was losing bark which may explain why the DBH decreased in size from the last census data. PalEON id 241 [LF2, tree 41] – This tree had been assigned the census id of 2114. Tree 221 [LF2, tree 21] was also assigned this same census id. We found that tree 241 should be linked with census id 2160. PalEON id 314 [LF3, tree 14] – The 2011 census DBH for this tree was 47.1 cm, while the PalEON data had a DBH of 35.8 cm. We found and measured this tree, and the DBH was 48.5 cm. PalEON id 328 [LF3, tree 28] – PalEON DBH was measured as 26 cm, while the census DBH was measured to be 20.1 cm. We took the maps out and found that 302 corresponded with census id 997m, tree 328 with census id 995, and tree 329 with census id 1013. This was based on their positions, sizes and the field notes.

Harvard Forest

324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA

(978) 724-3302 (978) 724-3595 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu https://ror.org/059cpzx98 pointOfContact The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts. National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210. hf358-01-lyford-tree.csv trees hf358-01-lyford-tree.csv 13785 f7f72ccebd57afd9f55f4949b202ef1c 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p35/hf358/hf358-01-lyford-tree.csv site site and plot identifier LF1 Lyford Plot 1 (Plot center at 42.53065 N, -72.18346 W) LF2 Lyford Plot 2 (Plot center at 42.53128 N, -72.18271 W) LF3 Lyford Plot 3 (Plot center at 42.53008 N, -72.18246 W) NA missing value tree tree number tree number NA missing value species species ACRU Acer rubrum BEAL Betula alleghaniensis BELE Betula lenta FAGR Fagus grandifolia HAVI Hamamelis virginiana PIST Pinus strobus QURU Quercus rubra QUVE Quercus velutina TSCA Tsuga canadensis NA missing value date date of sampling YYYY-MM-DD 1 day NA missing value canopy canopy position codominant codominant dominant dominant intermediate intermediate suppressed suppressed NA missing value status alive, dead or non-standing tree position dead status is unknown Li live Lo log Sh stump hole Sn snag St stump NA missing value dbh diameter at breast height centimeter 0.1 real NA missing value distance distance from plot center meter 0.1 real NA missing value azimuth degrees from due north degree 1 whole NA missing value tag tree tag number from the Lyford Plot permanent plot data tree tag number from the Lyford Plot permanent plot data NA missing value dist_top distance from center for top of dead log meter 0.1 real NA missing value az_top degrees from due north for top of dead log degree 1 whole NA missing value decay decay class 1 solid wood, recently fallen, bark and twigs present 2 solid wood, significant weathering, branches present 3 wood not solid, bark may be sloughing but nail still must be pounded into wood 4 wood sloughing and/or friable, nail may be forcibly pushed into wood 5 wood friable, barely holding shape, nail may be easily pushed into wood NA missing value 219 hf358-02-lyford-core.csv core data hf358-02-lyford-core.csv 21868 cd0d64ef3c583698ba6c04737261bfeb 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p35/hf358/hf358-02-lyford-core.csv site site and plot identfier LF1 Lyford Plot 1 (Plot center at 42.53065 N, -72.18346 W) LF2 Lyford Plot 2 (Plot center at 42.53128 N, -72.18271 W) LF3 Lyford Plot 3 (Plot center at 42.53008 N, -72.18246 W) NA missing value tree tree number tree number NA missing value core core cardinal direction A no associated cardinal direction B no associated cardinal direction C no associated cardinal direction E east N north S south W west NA missing value species species ID of individual series ACRU Acer rubrum BEAL Betula alleghaniensis BELE Betula lenta FAGR Fagus grandifolia HAVI Hamamelis virginiana PIST Pinus strobus QURU Quercus rubra QUVE Quercus velutina TSCA Tsuga canadensis inner_year observed innermost year (not always measured) YYYY 1 year NA missing value outer_year observed outermost year (not always measured) YYYY 1 year NA missing value meas_inner year of innermost measured ring YYYY 1 year NA missing value meas_outer year of innermost measured ring YYYY 1 year NA missing value rings total number of rings measured number 1 natural NA missing value pith estimated number of rings from pith or at pith number 1 natural NA missing value gap location, in dates, when there is an observed gap(s) in mounted cores location, in dates, when there is an observed gap(s) in mounted cores NA missing value missing list of years with missing rings in series list of years with missing rings in series NA missing value false list of years with false rings in series list of years with missing rings in series NA missing value incomplete list of years with incomplete/partial rings in series list of years with incomplete/partial rings in series NA missing value reaction list of years with “reaction wood” in series list of years with “reaction wood” in series NA missing value canopy estimated condition of tree during early growth years G gap N non-gap U unknown NA missing value comments core-specific comments core-specific comments NA missing value 351 hf358-03-lyford-tree-ring.csv tree ring measurements hf358-03-lyford-tree-ring.csv 2156119 b45009fa56aed9b65b2b6e26552821b7 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p35/hf358/hf358-03-lyford-tree-ring.csv site site LF Lyford Plot NA missing value species species ACRU Acer rubrum BEAL Betula alleghaniensis BELE Betula lenta FAGR Fagus grandifolia HAVI Hamamelis virginiana PIST Pinus strobus QURU Quercus rubra QUVE Quercus velutina TSCA Tsuga canadensis NA missing value core core number core number NA missing value type ring measurement type ewr earlywood ring width lwr latewood ring width rwl raw ring width year year of ring width YYYY 1 year NA missing value rw measured ring width millimeter 0.001 real NA missing value 68660 hf358-04-paleon-protocol.pdf PalEON sampling protocol hf358-04-paleon-protocol.pdf 119799 f3b84b86405124b818d9f573762e6eac none pdf https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p35/hf358/hf358-04-paleon-protocol.pdf document hf358-05-field-notes.pdf field notes hf358-05-field-notes.pdf 1817137 f44a80973954f2e8a3b99e9acc46cde8 none pdf https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p35/hf358/hf358-05-field-notes.pdf document hf358-06-rwl.zip Tuscon files hf358-06-rwl.zip 171667 8482e7068a0cd522124be68e3b884ad9 zip Tuscon ring data https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p35/hf358/hf358-06-rwl.zip document hf358-07-tuscon2long-paleon.txt R script to convert Tucson files hf358-07-tuscon2long-paleon.txt 2271 cc527423550db7a73df19a70d50fd71a none R script https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p35/hf358/hf358-07-tuscon2long-paleon.txt script atmosphere historical plot long-term measurement historical paleological https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf032 https://sites.nd.edu/paleonproject/