uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all public read doi:10.6073/pasta/b466cab64fe68b778be9325503d508f7 Tree Ring Data from the Harvard Tract in Pisgah State Forest NH 1675-2015 Neil Pederson https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3830-263X Daniel Bishop https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-5996 Researcher Javier Martin Fernandez Researcher Tessa Mandra Researcher 2023 English
<para>Is it possible to reconstruct aboveground carbon/biomass from tree rings? If so, how far back in time can researchers go when using tree-ring data in the reconstruction of past biomass? Answers to these questions will have a significant impact on our understanding of dynamics in the terrestrial carbon sink. Long tree-ring records of biomass can reveal intra-annual to annual to multidecadal variations that cannot be resolved by forest census data that is not conducted at annual time steps. Additionally, while these dynamics might be resolved using remote sensing, most remotely-sensed products are only two decades or less in length. By having long records of carbon biomass, we can then identify not only the dominant drivers of biomass, but how the importance of these drivers might change during different eras as environmental factors change (e.g., climate, air pollution, disturbance). </para> <para>To test these and other questions, we collected tree-ring records from two 30m radius plots set within Harvard’s Pisgah Tract in Pisgah State Forest, New Hampshire. We can convert these data to biomass using allometric equations and compare tree-ring inferred aboveground biomass to the census data going back in time. Famously, 80% of this tract was knocked down in September 1938 by a strong hurricane. The forest has sine regrown and the plots we installed can be used to understand forest recovery and carbon dynamics in a heavily disturbance forest. Given that this was a known/decently documented event, these data were used by Trotsiuk et al. (2018) to test various growth release methods as applied to tree-ring data.</para> <para>Trotsiuk, V., Pederson, N., Druckenbrod, D. L., Orwig, D. A., Bishop, D. A., Barker Plotkin, A., Fraver, S., Martin-Benito, D. 2018. Testing the efficacy of tree-ring methods for detecting past disturbances. Forest Ecology and Management 425: 59-67.</para> </section> </abstract> <keywordSet> <keyword>climate change</keyword> <keyword>community composition</keyword> <keyword>defoliation</keyword> <keyword>dendrochronology</keyword> <keyword>disturbance</keyword> <keyword>net primary production</keyword> <keyword>permanent plots</keyword> <keyword>tree rings</keyword> <keywordThesaurus>LTER controlled vocabulary</keywordThesaurus> </keywordSet> <keywordSet> <keyword>primary production</keyword> <keyword>populations</keyword> <keyword>disturbance</keyword> <keywordThesaurus>LTER core area</keywordThesaurus> </keywordSet> <keywordSet> <keyword>Harvard Forest</keyword> <keyword>HFR</keyword> <keyword>LTER</keyword> <keyword>USA</keyword> <keywordThesaurus>HFR default</keywordThesaurus> </keywordSet> <intellectualRights> <section> <para>This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.</para> </section> </intellectualRights> <licensed> <licenseName>Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal</licenseName> <url>https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html</url> <identifier>CC0-1.0</identifier> </licensed> <distribution> <online> <url function="information"> https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf410 </url> </online> </distribution> <coverage> <geographicCoverage> <geographicDescription>Pisgah State Forest (NH). Coordinates based on WGS84 datum.</geographicDescription> <boundingCoordinates> <westBoundingCoordinate>-72.44</westBoundingCoordinate> <eastBoundingCoordinate>-72.44</eastBoundingCoordinate> <northBoundingCoordinate>42.83</northBoundingCoordinate> <southBoundingCoordinate>42.83</southBoundingCoordinate> <boundingAltitudes> <altitudeMinimum>334</altitudeMinimum> <altitudeMaximum>334</altitudeMaximum> <altitudeUnits>meter</altitudeUnits> </boundingAltitudes> </boundingCoordinates> </geographicCoverage> <temporalCoverage> <rangeOfDates> <beginDate> <calendarDate>1675</calendarDate> </beginDate> <endDate> <calendarDate>2015</calendarDate> </endDate> </rangeOfDates> </temporalCoverage> <taxonomicCoverage> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Acer</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>rubrum</taxonRankValue> <commonName>red maple</commonName> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Betula</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>lenta</taxonRankValue> <commonName>black birch</commonName> </taxonomicClassification> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>papyrifera</taxonRankValue> <commonName>paper birch</commonName> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Fagus</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>grandifolia</taxonRankValue> <commonName>american beech</commonName> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Pinus</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>strobus</taxonRankValue> <commonName>eastern white pine</commonName> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Quercus</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>rubra</taxonRankValue> <commonName>northern red oak</commonName> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>Tsuga</taxonRankValue> <taxonomicClassification> <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName> <taxonRankValue>canadensis</taxonRankValue> <commonName>eastern hemlock</commonName> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicClassification> </taxonomicCoverage> </coverage> <maintenance> <description> <para>complete</para> </description> </maintenance> <contact> <positionName>Information Manager</positionName> <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName> <address> <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint> <city>Petersham</city> <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea> <postalCode>01366</postalCode> <country>USA</country> </address> <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone> <electronicMailAddress>hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu</electronicMailAddress> </contact> <publisher> <organizationName>Harvard Forest</organizationName> <address> <deliveryPoint>324 North Main Street</deliveryPoint> <city>Petersham</city> <administrativeArea>MA</administrativeArea> <postalCode>01366</postalCode> <country>USA</country> </address> <phone phonetype="voice">(978) 724-3302</phone> <phone phonetype="fax">(978) 724-3595</phone> <onlineUrl>https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu</onlineUrl> </publisher> <methods> <methodStep> <description> <section> <title>Vegetation and tree-ring data Vegetation and tree-ring data associated with this dataset were collected by the “PalEON Protocol”. Three plots were established in the EMS Plot where all trees greater than 10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) in a 13 m radius were mapped (using distance and azimuth from plot center), measured for DBH, placed into canopy strata (dominant, co-dominant, intermediate, and suppressed, life status (live or dead), structural position if dead (snag, log, or stump hole), and cored. Two to three cores were removed from all trees sampled, live or dead, when possible; some were too rotten to core. Decay classes were determined for all deadwood (1 = recent to 5 = nearly soil) following Bunnell and Houde (Bunnell, F.L. and Houde, I., 2010, Down wood and biodiversity--implications to forest practices, Environmental Reviews, 18, pp.397-421) and surveys were made of saplings (all stems 2.5-4.99 cm DBH from plot center out to 5 m) and poles (all stems 5-9.99 in DBH from plot center out to 9 m). This protocol was repeated for 13-20 m from plot center, but only for trees greater than 20 cm DBH, to increase representation and possibly sample a higher proportion of old trees. Tree-ring measurements were taken from all usable cores and portions of usable cores for each plot. Some cores had too much rot or other issues to be useful. The occurrence of a missing or locally absent ring, where a tree did not fully form a ring on the side of the tree that was cored, is designated with a zero.
Tree-ring file formats Data are provided in both traditional Tucson and csv formats. Tucson files are organized by species where the species code is the first two letters of the genus plus the first two letters of the species. Tuscon files contain total raw ring width (.rwl), earlywood ring width (.ewr), or latewood ring width (.lwr). Tucson data can be read as a space-delimited file in most coding languages. In R, package dplR has built-in function read.rwl that converts .rwl files to a data frame (rows become years; columns become ring-width series). For more information on the Tucson data format, please see: Brewer, P.W., Murphy, D. and Jansma, E., 2011. TRiCYCLE: a universal conversion tool for digital tree-ring data. Tree-Ring Research, 67(2), pp.135-144.
Notes about the data PS1 Trees 109, 113, and 117 (TSCA), PS2 Trees 41, 77, 82, and 95 (TSCA), and PS2 Tree 99 (BELE) were unaccounted for after fieldwork. The causes of the missing data are accounted for in the “comments” column of the field notes file (hf410-02-ps-core.csv).
Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street Petersham MA 01366 USA
(978) 724-3302 (978) 724-3595 https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu https://ror.org/059cpzx98 pointOfContact The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts. National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210. hf410-01-ps-tree.csv trees hf410-01-ps-tree.csv 21164 6a580cc853cc5ac0249836a008693a77 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p41/hf410/hf410-01-ps-tree.csv site site and plot identifier PS1 Pisgah Tract Plot 1 (Plot center at 43.06769 N, -73.28870 W) PS2 Pisgah Tract Plot 2 (Plot center at 43.07200 N, -73.28997 W) NA missing value tree tree number tree number NA missing value species species ACRU Acer rubrum BELE Betula lenta BEPA Betula papyrifera FAGR Fagus grandifolia PIST Pinus strobus QURU Quercus rubra TSCA Tsuga canadensis NA missing value date date of sampling YYYY-MM-DD 1 day NA missing value canopy canopy position codominant codominant dominant dominant intermediate intermediate suppressed suppressed NA missing value status alive, dead or non-standing tree position dead status is unknown Li live Lo log Sh stump hole Sn snag St stump NA missing value dbh diameter at breast height centimeter 0.1 real NA missing value distance distance from plot center meter 0.1 real NA missing value azimuth degrees from due north degree 1 whole NA missing value decay decay class 1 solid wood, recently fallen, bark and twigs present 2 solid wood, significant weathering, branches present 3 wood not solid, bark may be sloughing but nail still must be pounded into wood 4 wood sloughing and/or friable, nail may be forcibly pushed into wood 5 wood friable, barely holding shape, nail may be easily pushed into wood NA missing value Orientation orientation in degrees of fall of log degree 1 whole NA missing value Length length of log meter 0.1 real NA missing value 360 hf410-02-ps-core.csv core data hf410-02-ps-core.csv 36500 6ff88db57f86d2b8e635f951acf73a96 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p41/hf410/hf410-02-ps-core.csv site site and plot identfier PS1 Pisgah Tract Plot 1 (Plot center at 43.06769 N, -73.28870 W) PS2 Pisgah Tract Plot 2 (Plot center at 43.07200 N, -73.28997 W) NA missing value tree tree number tree number NA missing value core core cardinal direction E east N north S south W west NA missing value species species ID of individual series ACRU Acer rubrum BELE Betula lenta BEPA Betula papyrifera FAGR Fagus grandifolia PIST Pinus strobus QURU Quercus rubra TSCA Tsuga canadensis inner_year observed innermost year (not always measured) YYYY 1 year NA missing value outer_year observed outermost year (not always measured) YYYY 1 year NA missing value meas_inner year of innermost measured ring YYYY 1 year NA missing value meas_outer year of innermost measured ring YYYY 1 year NA missing value rings total number of rings measured number 1 natural NA missing value pith estimated number of rings from pith or at pith number 1 natural NA missing value gap location, in dates, when there is an observed gap(s) in mounted cores location, in dates, when there is an observed gap(s) in mounted cores NA missing value missing list of years with missing rings in series list of years with missing rings in series NA missing value false list of years with false rings in series list of years with missing rings in series NA missing value incomplete list of years with incomplete/partial rings in series list of years with incomplete/partial rings in series NA missing value reaction list of years with “reaction wood” in series list of years with “reaction wood” in series NA missing value white_ring list of years with white rings list of years with white rings NA missing value canopy estimated condition of tree during early growth years G gap N non-gap U unknown NA missing value comments core-specific comments core-specific comments NA missing value 505 hf410-03-ps-tree-ring.csv tree ring measurements hf410-03-ps-tree-ring.csv 7100442 3dfb599b5d537a3de274380d72b4a8f2 1 \r\n column , https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p41/hf410/hf410-03-ps-tree-ring.csv site site PisgahTractPisgahForestTSCA Pisgah Tract PS Pisgah Tract NA missing value species species ACRU Acer rubrum BELE Betula lenta BEPA Betula papyrifera FAGR Fagus grandifolia PIST Pinus strobus QURU Quercus rubra TSCA Tsuga canadensis NA missing value core core number core number NA missing value type ring measurement type ewr earlywood ring width lwr latewood ring width rwl raw ring width year year of ring width YYYY 1 year NA missing value rw measured ring width millimeter 0.001 real NA missing value 191438 hf410-04-ps-field-notes.pdf field notes hf410-04-ps-field-notes.pdf 6748191 712e7bfeaf0a9cf04c4df88533ddbd13 none pdf https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p41/hf410/hf410-04-ps-field-notes.pdf document hf410-05-paleon-protocol.pdf PalEON sampling protocol hf410-05-paleon-protocol.pdf 119799 f3b84b86405124b818d9f573762e6eac none pdf https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p41/hf410/hf410-05-paleon-protocol.pdf document hf410-06-ps-rwl.zip Tuscon files hf410-06-ps-rwl.zip 441741 ee91294fd1873ec0941c50202e51e10d zip Tuscon ring data https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p41/hf410/hf410-06-ps-rwl.zip document hf410-07-tuscon2long-paleon.txt R script to convert Tucson files hf410-07-tuscon2long-paleon.txt 2271 cc527423550db7a73df19a70d50fd71a none R script https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p41/hf410/hf410-07-tuscon2long-paleon.txt script atmosphere historical plot long-term measurement historical paleological https://sites.nd.edu/paleonproject/