Data Archive

HF444

Modeling Impacts of Hurricanes on Current Aboveground Forest Carbon in New England 2020-2120

Related Publications

Data

hf444-01: aboveground forest carbon by state (preview)
hf444-02: aboveground forest carbon by county (preview)
hf444-03: aboveground forest carbon by ecoregion (preview)
hf444-04: downed aboveground forest carbon by state (preview)
hf444-05: downed aboveground forest carbon by county (preview)
hf444-06: downed aboveground forest carbon by ecoregion (preview)
hf444-07: hurricane impact by state (preview)
hf444-08: harvested wood products model, averaged, baseline (preview)
hf444-09: harvested wood products model, averaged, 8% increase (preview)
hf444-10: harvested wood products model, averaged, 16% increase (preview)
hf444-11: harvested wood products model, averaged, 16% increase (preview)
hf444-12: R and Python scripts
hf444-13: aboveground carbon raster, hardwood 0-10m
hf444-14: aboveground carbon raster, hardwood 11-20m
hf444-15: aboveground carbon raster, hardwood 21-30m
hf444-16: aboveground carbon raster, hardwood over 30m
hf444-17: aboveground carbon raster, softwood 0-10m
hf444-18: aboveground carbon raster, softwood 11-20m
hf444-19: aboveground carbon raster, softwood 21-30m
hf444-20: aboveground carbon raster, softwood over 30m

Overview

Lead: Shersingh Joseph Tumber-Dávila, Jonathan Thompson, Taylor Lucey, Emery Boose, Danelle Laflower, León-Sáenz Agustín, Barry Wilson, Meghan MacLean
Investigators:
Contact: Information Manager
Start date: 1938
End date: 2120
Status: completed
Location: New England
Latitude: +40.980144 to +47.459686 degrees
Longitude: -73.727775 to -66.949895 degrees
Elevation: 0 to 1917 meter
Datum: WGS84
Taxa:
Release date: 2024
Language: English
EML file: knb-lter-hfr.444.2
DOI: digital object identifier
EDI: data package
DataONE: data package
Related links:

Study type: modeling
Research topic: forest-atmosphere exchange; ecological informatics and modelling; historical and retrospective studies; regional studies
LTER core area: disturbance patterns, land use and land cover change
Keywords: aboveground biomass, carbon, disturbance, future scenarios, history, hurricane damage, modeling
Abstract:
Nature-based climate solutions are championed as a primary tool to mitigate climate change, especially in forested regions capable of storing and sequestering vast amounts of carbon. New England is one of the most heavily forested regions in the United States (over 75% forested by land area), and forest carbon is a significant component of regional climate mitigation strategies. Large infrequent disturbances, such as hurricanes, are a major source of uncertainty and risk for policies that rely on forest carbon for climate mitigation, especially as climate change is projected to alter the intensity and geographic extent of hurricanes. To date, most research into disturbance impacts on forest carbon stocks has focused on fire. Here we show that a single hurricane in the region can down between 121-250 MMTCO2e or 4.6-9.4% of the total aboveground forest carbon, much greater than the carbon sequestered annually by New England’s forests (16 MMTCO2e yr-1). However, the emissions from the storms are not instantaneous; it takes approximately 19 years for the downed carbon to become a net emission, and 100 years for 90% of the downed carbon to be emitted. Using the HURRECON and EXPOS models to reconstruct hurricanes across a range of historical and projected wind speeds, we find that an 8% and 16% increase in hurricane wind speeds leads to a 10.7 and 24.8 fold increase in the extent of high-severity damaged areas (widespread tree mortality). Increased wind speed also leads to unprecedented geographical shifts in damage; both inland and northward into heavily forested regions traditionally unaffected by hurricanes. Given that a single hurricane can emit the equivalent of 10+ years of carbon sequestered by forests in New England, the status of these forests as a durable carbon sink is uncertain. Understanding the risks to forest carbon stocks from large infrequent disturbances is necessary for decision-makers relying on forests as a nature-based climate solution.

This data set contains the aggregated modeling outputs of our modeling efforts summarized by state, county, and ecoregion, as well as the scripts to analyze and generate the data. It also contains eight 30-meter resolution raster files depicting the aboveground forest carbon for hardwood and softwood trees in US tons per pixel across four height range classifications in New England. The raster files are a product of the Forest Service FIA’s BIGMAP (FIA's cloud-based national scale modeling, mapping, and analysis environment for US forests).
Methods:
Our aim is to estimate the forest carbon losses that would occur during a hurricane in New England. The four major components needed to make this estimation are: 1. spatial reconstruction of hurricane paths and their Enhanced Fujita (EF) damage (see hf444-07-ef-tab-area-state.csv), 2. maps and data tables of aboveground forest carbon for each of eight tree type-height vulnerability classes (see hf444-01-initial-agc-states.csv; hf444-02-initial-agc-counties.csv; hf444-03-initial-agc-ecoregions.csv), 3. an estimate of the expected percent of trees downed by each experienced EF damage for each tree vulnerability class (see hf444-04-downed-agc-states.csv; hf444-05-downed-agc-counties.csv; hf444-06-downed-agc-ecoregions.csv), and 4. a harvested wood products model to estimate the carbon emissions pathways (see hf444-08-avg-00-new-tpr-1.csv; hf444-09-avg-08-new-tpr-1.csv; hf444-10-avg-16-new-tpr-1.csv; hf444-11-all-storms-new.csv). We combined the first three components to calculate the amount of forest carbon downed within each forested pixel in New England based on the EF rating and the tree vulnerability classification. We did this for all 10 storms in each of the three scenarios (30 storms total). We then calculate the amount of downed forest carbon within each state and county following each storm, as well as the size and strength of each hurricane. Finally, we estimated the carbon emissions from downed forest carbon post-hurricane using a harvested wood products carbon storage and emissions model.

Data Tables

hf444-01-initial-agc-states.csv: Zonal statistics table that displays the amount of total aboveground forest carbon in US tons for each state across the eight hardwood/softwood by height classes. These are the aggregated output of script 3a.

hf444-02-initial-agc-counties.csv: Zonal statistics table that displays the amount of total aboveground forest carbon in US tons for each New England county across the eight hardwood/softwood by height classes. These are the aggregated output of script 3a.

hf444-03-initial-agc-ecoregions.csv: Zonal statistics table that displays the amount of total aboveground forest carbon in US tons for each New England level IV ecoregion from the EPA across the eight hardwood/softwood by height classes. These are the aggregated output of script 3a. The level IV Ecoregions of the Coterminous United States is provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency.

hf444-04-downed-agc-states.csv: Zonal statistics table that displays the amount of total downed aboveground forest carbon in US tons for each state across the eight hardwood/softwood by height classes following each hurricane. These are the aggregated output of script 3b.

hf444-05-downed-agc-counties.csv: Zonal statistics table that displays the amount of total downed aboveground forest carbon in US tons for each New England county across the eight hardwood/softwood by height classes following each hurricane. These are the aggregated output of script 3b.

hf444-06-downed-agc-ecoregions.csv: Zonal statistics table that displays the amount of total downed aboveground forest carbon in US tons for each New England level IV ecoregion from the EPA across the eight hardwood/softwood by height classes following each hurricane. These are the aggregated output of script 3b. The level IV Ecoregions of the Coterminous United States is provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency.

hf444-07-ef-tab-area-state.csv: Tabulated Area displaying the area (hectares) impacted by the hurricanes across the range of enhanced Fujita scale values. This is the aggregated output of script 3c.

hf444-08-avg-00-new-tpr-1.csv: The results of the harvested wood products model displaying the carbon fates of the downed forest carbon following a storm averaged across the ten storms displaying the pools of carbon for the DFC for 100 years after the storms. This average is for the ten baseline scenario storms with no increased wind speeds. This is an input for scripts 4a and 4b.

hf444-09-avg-08-new-tpr-1.csv: The results of the harvested wood products model displaying the carbon fates of the downed forest carbon following a storm averaged across the ten storms displaying the pools of carbon for the DFC for 100 years after the storms. This average is for the ten projected severity scenario storms with an 8% increase in storm wind speeds. This is an input for scripts 4a and 4b.

hf444-10-avg-16-new-tpr-1.csv: The results of the harvested wood products model displaying the carbon fates of the downed forest carbon following a storm averaged across the ten storms displaying the pools of carbon for the DFC for 100 years after the storms. This average is for the ten maximum severity scenario storms with a 16% increase in storm wind speeds. This is an input for scripts 4a and 4b.

hf444-11-all-storms-new.csv: The results of the harvested wood products model displaying the carbon fates of the downed forest carbon following a storm for each of the ten storms displaying the pools of carbon for the DFC for 100 years after the storms. These results are for the ten baseline scenario storms with no increase in wind speed. This is an input for script 4b. The columns 1_PIU to 10_DownS represent the carbon storage and emissions pools for each of the 10 modeled storms.

Code Files

1_model_all_NE_hurricanes_HURRECON_EXPOS.R: This R script utilizes Hurrecon and Expos to reconstruct hurricanes via the HurreconR and ExposR packages. Inputs: Hurricane track data, such as HURDAT2, or formatted in the same manner as HURDAT2 (Landsea C, Franklin J, Beven J (2015) The revised Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT2). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Weather Service National Hurricane Center). Outputs: Raster maps of reconstructed hurricanes displaying their expected damage in the Enhanced Fujita Scale.

2_LOOP_Storm_Downed_C_calculation.py: ArcPy script that takes hurricane maps (exported from Hurrecon and Expos using hurricane track data) and raster bands of aboveground forest carbon for hardwood and softwood trees of various height bins and combines them in order to calculate the amount of downed forest carbon based on the hurricane damage and the forest carbon susceptibility classification. Inputs: Hurricane Rasters, rasters of Reconstructed Hurricane Enhanced Fujita scale damage for each storm; Initial AFC Multi-band Raster, raster of aboveground forest carbon with each band representing one of our AFC bins. Outputs: Rasters of DFC, rasters of downed forest carbon for each AFC bin for each storm.

3a_zonal_stats_for_initial_AGC_states.py: ArcPy script that takes the inputs of a zonal shapefile (zones that summaries are based on, such as states, counties, ecoregions, etc.) and a raster file to perform the zonal stats of. This script was generated to summarize the initial aboveground forest carbon of the different forest carbon classes (hardwood and softwood AFC of various height bins). Inputs: Zonal Shapefile, vector shapefile with attributes table that will be used to define the zones (i.e., the states, counties, or ecoregions shapefiles); In Value Raster, the raster that contains the values for which a statistic will be calculated (i.e., the AFC raster). Outputs: Output table containing the summary of the values in each zone. The aggregated output tables are: hf444-01-initial-agc-states.csv, hf444-02-initial-agc-counties.csv, hf444-03-initial-agc-ecoregions.csv (see data tables metadata).

3b_zonal_stats_for_downed_C_loop_states_counties_ecoregions.py: ArcPy script that takes the inputs of a zonal shapefile (zones that summaries are based on, such as states, counties, ecoregions, etc.) and a raster file to perform the zonal stats of. This script was generated to summarize the downed forest carbon following each storm of the different forest carbon classes (hardwood and softwood AFC of various height bins). Inputs: Zonal Shapefile, vector shapefile with attributes table that will be used to define the zones (in our case its states, counties, or ecoregions); In Value Raster, the raster that contains the values for which a statistic will be calculated (i.e., the downed forest carbon rasters for each storm outputted from 3a). Outputs: Output table containing the summary of the values in each zone. The aggregated output tables are: hf444-04-downed-agc-states.csv, hf444-05-downed-agc-counties.csv, hf444-06-downed-agc-ecoregions.csv (see data tables metadata).

3c_Tabulate_area_EFmaps_states.py: ArcPy script made to tabulate the area of raster values for specified zones. In our case, we calculated the area of each EF value damage for each storm across the New England States. Inputs: In Zone Data, the dataset that defines the zones (i.e., a state shapefile); In Class Data, the dataset that defines the classes that will have their area summarized within each zone (i.e., the hurricane rasters). Outputs: Output table that contains the summary of the area of each class in each zone (see data table metadata for hf444-07-ef-tab-area-state.csv).

4a_Hurricane Manuscript Tables and Figures.Rmd: Primary script to create the summary tables and figures for the data. Inputs: hf444-01-initial-agc-states.csv, hf444-02-initial-agc-counties.csv, hf444-03-initial-agc-ecoregions.csv, hf444-04-downed-agc-states.csv, hf444-05-downed-agc-counties.csv, hf444-06-downed-agc-ecoregions.csv, hf444-07-ef-tab-area-state.csv, hf444-08-avg-00-new-tpr-1.csv, hf444-09-avg-08-new-tpr-1.csv, hf444-10-avg-16-new-tpr-1.csv, hf444-11-all-storms-new.csv (see data tables metadata). Outputs: tables and figures presented in the manuscript.

4b_HWP Carbon Pathways Plots.Rmd: Primary script to create summaries for the averaged harvested wood products models, in addition to the summaries presented in script 4a. Inputs: hf444-09-avg-08-new-tpr-1.csv, hf444-10-avg-16-new-tpr-1.csv, hf444-11-all-storms-new.csv. Outputs: tables and figures presented in the manuscript specific to the HWP data.

Mapping

We mapped aboveground forest carbon for each of the 8 tree susceptibility categories representing hardwood and softwood trees across the range of tree heights. The eight categories were: 1) hardwood aboveground forest carbon (AFC) for trees 0-10 m in height, 2) hardwood AFC for 10-20 m height, 3) hardwood AFC for 20-30 m height, 4) hardwood AFC for trees greater than 30 m height, 5) softwood AFC for 0-10 m height, 6) softwood AFC for 10-20 m height, 7) softwood AFC for 20-30 m height, and 8) softwood AFC for trees greater than 30 m height. We used the Big Data, Mapping, and Analytics Platform (BIGMAP), a cloud-based national scale modeling, mapping, and analysis environment for US forests. The BIGMAP project was developed by the USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program using data from national forest inventory plots measured during the period 2014-2018, in conjunction with other auxiliary information. Vegetation phenology derived via harmonic regression of Landsat 8 OLI scenes collected during the same time period, along with climatic and topographic raster data, were processed to create an ecological ordination model of tree species and produce a feature space of ecological gradients that was used to impute FIA plot data to pixels, and assign values for key forest inventory variables (Ohmann and Gregory 2002; Wilson et al. 2012, 2013, 2018). For our study, the key variable was live aboveground forest carbon across the eight tree-species-height categories.

To create our desired BIGMAP product, we gathered data from 16,298 national forest inventory plots (measured between 2014-2018) from across the three ecosystem provinces that are represented by New England forests (212-Laurentian Mixed Forest Province, M212-Adirondack-New England Mixed Forest, and 221-Eastern Broadleaf Forest). For each plot, we used the FIA tree table and inferred tree heights when necessary, using the appropriate site index curve equations (Carmean et al. 1989). We then calculated the aboveground tree carbon across the eight tree-height and hardwood/softwood classes for each inventory plot. These data were extracted from the BIGMAP plot imputation model and resulted in eight 30-meter resolution raster products of predicted aboveground forest carbon for each of the tree susceptibility categories across New England Forests.

References:

Carmean WH, Hahn JT, Jacobs RD (1989) Site index curves for forest tree species in the eastern United States. Gen Tech Rep - North Cent For Exp Stn USDA Forest Service

Ohmann JL, Gregory MJ (2002) Predictive mapping of forest composition and structure with direct gradient analysis and nearest- neighbor imputation in coastal Oregon, U.S.A. Can J For Res 32:725–741. https://doi.org/10.1139/x02-011

Wilson BT, Knight JF, McRoberts RE (2018) Harmonic regression of Landsat time series for modeling attributes from national forest inventory data. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 137:29–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.01.006

Wilson BT, Lister AJ, Riemann RI (2012) A nearest-neighbor imputation approach to mapping tree species over large areas using forest inventory plots and moderate resolution raster data. For Ecol Manag 271:182–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.02.002

Wilson BT, Woodall CW, Griffith DM (2013) Imputing forest carbon stock estimates from inventory plots to a nationally continuous coverage. Carbon Balance Manag 8:1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-0680-8-1
Organization: Harvard Forest. 324 North Main Street, Petersham, MA 01366, USA. Phone (978) 724-3302. Fax (978) 724-3595.
Project: The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts. (ROR).
Funding: National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210. Other funding: NSF grant DBI-1950364
Use: This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.
License: Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal (CC0-1.0)
Citation: Tumber-Dávila S, Thompson J, Lucey T, Boose E, Laflower D, Agustín L, Wilson B, MacLean M. 2024. Modeling Impacts of Hurricanes on Current Aboveground Forest Carbon in New England 2020-2120. Harvard Forest Data Archive: HF444 (v.2). Environmental Data Initiative: https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/424e9fd380718bc53a46e17c47b24fb4.

Detailed Metadata

hf444-01: aboveground forest carbon by state

id: class of aboveground forest carbon including Tree_type and Bucket
STUSPS: state code
- CT: Connecticut
- ME: Maine
- MA: Massachusetts
- NH: New Hampshire
- RI: Rhode Island
- VT: Vermont
ZONE_CODE: code for zone representing the state
COUNT: number of raster pixels (30 meter resolution) in each zone (unit: dimensionless / missing value: NA)
AREA: area represented by the zone (unit: meterSquared / missing value: NA)
MIN: minimum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MAX: maximum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
RANGE: range (MAX-MIN) of raster values (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEAN: average raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
STD: standard deviation from the mean raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
SUM: total amount of aboveground forest carbon (US tons) for each Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone. This is the primary value used in the analyses. (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEDIAN: median raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
PCT90: 90th percentile raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
Tree_type: AFC value. Used in combination with Bucket to create our susceptibility classes
- Hard: hardwood forest trees
- Soft: softwood forest trees
Bucket: height range classes of trees. Used in combination with Tree_type to create our susceptibility classes.
- 00_10: 0-10 meter
- 11_20: 10-20 meter
- 21-30: 20-30 meter
- 31_pl: over 30 meter

hf444-02: aboveground forest carbon by county

id: class of aboveground forest carbon including Tree_type and Bucket
UID: name of the county and state representing the zone
ZONE_CODE: code for zone representing the state
COUNT: number of raster pixels (30 meter resolution) in each zone (unit: dimensionless / missing value: NA)
AREA: area represented by the zone (unit: meterSquared / missing value: NA)
MIN: minimum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MAX: maximum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
RANGE: range (MAX-MIN) of raster values (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEAN: average raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
STD: standard deviation from the mean raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
SUM: total amount of aboveground forest carbon (US tons) for each Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone. This is the primary value used in the analyses. (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEDIAN: median raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
PCT90: 90th percentile raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
Tree_type: AFC value. Used in combination with Bucket to create our susceptibility classes
- Hard: hardwood forest trees
- Soft: softwood forest trees
Bucket: height range classes of trees. Used in combination with Tree_type to create our susceptibility classes.
- 00_10: 0-10 meter
- 11_20: 10-20 meter
- 21-30: 20-30 meter
- 31_pl: over 30 meter

hf444-03: aboveground forest carbon by ecoregion

id: class of aboveground forest carbon including Tree_type and Bucket
US_L4NAME: name of the level IV ecoregion representing the zone
ZONE_CODE: code for zone representing the state
COUNT: number of raster pixels (30 meter resolution) in each zone (unit: dimensionless / missing value: NA)
AREA: area represented by the zone (unit: meterSquared / missing value: NA)
MIN: minimum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MAX: maximum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
RANGE: range (MAX-MIN) of raster values (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEAN: average raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
STD: standard deviation from the mean raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
SUM: total amount of aboveground forest carbon (US tons) for each Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone. This is the primary value used in the analyses. (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEDIAN: median raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
PCT90: 90th percentile raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
Tree_type: AFC value. Used in combination with Bucket to create our susceptibility classes
- Hard: hardwood forest trees
- Soft: softwood forest trees
Bucket: height range classes of trees. Used in combination with Tree_type to create our susceptibility classes.
- 00_10: 0-10 meter
- 11_20: 10-20 meter
- 21-30: 20-30 meter
- 31_pl: over 30 meter

hf444-04: downed aboveground forest carbon by state

id: class of aboveground forest carbon which includes the Tree_type, Bucket, Storm, and Wind
STUSPS: state code
- CT: Connecticut
- ME: Maine
- MA: Massachusetts
- NH: New Hampshire
- RI: Rhode Island
- VT: Vermont
ZONE_CODE: code for zone representing the state
COUNT: number of raster pixels (30 meter resolution) in each zone (unit: dimensionless / missing value: NA)
AREA: area represented by the zone (unit: meterSquared / missing value: NA)
MIN: minimum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MAX: maximum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
RANGE: range (MAX-MIN) of raster values (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEAN: average raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
STD: standard deviation from the mean raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
SUM: total amount of aboveground forest carbon (US tons) for each Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone. This is the primary value used in the analyses. (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEDIAN: median raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
PCT90: 90th percentile raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
Tree_type: AFC value. Used in combination with Bucket to create our susceptibility classes
- Hard: hardwood forest trees
- Soft: softwood forest trees
Bucket: height range classes of trees. Used in combination with Tree_type to create our susceptibility classes.
- 00_10: 0-10 meter
- 11_20: 10-20 meter
- 21-30: 20-30 meter
- 31_pl: over 30 meter
Storm: reconstructed hurricane year and storm number of that year, according to the National Hurricane Center
Wind: increase in wind speed from our modeled hurricane reconstructions
- 0: baseline scenario where the wind speeds are equivalent to the historical data
- 8: projected severity scenario where the wind speeds are increased by 8%
- 16: maximum severity scenario where the wind speeds are increased by 16%

hf444-05: downed aboveground forest carbon by county

id: class of aboveground forest carbon which includes the Tree_type, Bucket, Storm, and Wind
UID: name of the county and state representing the zone
ZONE_CODE: code for zone representing the state
COUNT: number of raster pixels (30 meter resolution) in each zone (unit: dimensionless / missing value: NA)
AREA: area represented by the zone (unit: meterSquared / missing value: NA)
MIN: minimum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MAX: maximum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
RANGE: range (MAX-MIN) of raster values (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEAN: average raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
STD: standard deviation from the mean raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
SUM: total amount of aboveground forest carbon (US tons) for each Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone. This is the primary value used in the analyses. (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEDIAN: median raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
PCT90: 90th percentile raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
Tree_type: AFC value. Used in combination with Bucket to create our susceptibility classes
- Hard: hardwood forest trees
- Soft: softwood forest trees
Bucket: height range classes of trees. Used in combination with Tree_type to create our susceptibility classes.
- 00_10: 0-10 meter
- 11_20: 10-20 meter
- 21-30: 20-30 meter
- 31_pl: over 30 meter
Storm: reconstructed hurricane year and storm number of that year, according to the National Hurricane Center
Wind: increase in wind speed from our modeled hurricane reconstructions
- 0: baseline scenario where the wind speeds are equivalent to the historical data
- 8: projected severity scenario where the wind speeds are increased by 8%
- 16: maximum severity scenario where the wind speeds are increased by 16%

hf444-06: downed aboveground forest carbon by ecoregion

id: class of aboveground forest carbon which includes the Tree_type, Bucket, Storm, and Wind
US_L4NAME: name of the level IV ecoregion representing the zone
ZONE_CODE: code for zone representing the state
COUNT: number of raster pixels (30 meter resolution) in each zone (unit: dimensionless / missing value: NA)
AREA: area represented by the zone (unit: meterSquared / missing value: NA)
MIN: minimum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MAX: maximum raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
RANGE: range (MAX-MIN) of raster values (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEAN: average raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
STD: standard deviation from the mean raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
SUM: total amount of aboveground forest carbon (US tons) for each Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone. This is the primary value used in the analyses. (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
MEDIAN: median raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
PCT90: 90th percentile raster value (US tons) for the Tree_type and Bucket combination within the zone (unit: ton / missing value: NA)
Tree_type: AFC value. Used in combination with Bucket to create our susceptibility classes
- Hard: hardwood forest trees
- Soft: softwood forest trees
Bucket: height range classes of trees. Used in combination with Tree_type to create our susceptibility classes.
- 00_10: 0-10 meter
- 11_20: 10-20 meter
- 21-30: 20-30 meter
- 31_pl: over 30 meter
Storm: reconstructed hurricane year and storm number of that year, according to the National Hurricane Center
Wind: increase in wind speed from our modeled hurricane reconstructions
- 0: baseline scenario where the wind speeds are equivalent to the historical data
- 8: projected severity scenario where the wind speeds are increased by 8%
- 16: maximum severity scenario where the wind speeds are increased by 16%

hf444-07: hurricane impact by state

id: identifier that is a combination of Storm and Wind
State: state code
- CT: Connecticut
- ME: Maine
- MA: Massachusetts
- NH: New Hampshire
- RI: Rhode Island
- VT: Vermont
NA_ha: area labeled as NA (mostly water, non-land area, and areas outside of New England) (unit: hectare / missing value: NA)
No_Damage_ha: land area in New England not impacted by the hurricane (unit: hectare / missing value: NA)
EF0_ha: land area with an Enhanced Fujita scale damage of class 0, where an estimated 5-25% of aboveground forest carbon is downed by the storm across all the forest-tree-wind vulnerability classes (unit: hectare / missing value: NA)
EF1_ha: land area with an Enhanced Fujita scale damage of class 1, where an estimated 10-45% of aboveground forest carbon is downed by the storm across all the forest-tree-wind vulnerability classes (unit: hectare / missing value: NA)
EF2_ha: land area with an Enhanced Fujita scale damage of class 2, where an estimated 15-95% of aboveground forest carbon is downed by the storm across all the forest-tree-wind vulnerability classes (unit: hectare / missing value: NA)
EF3_ha: land area with an Enhanced Fujita scale damage of class 3, where an estimated 25-100% of aboveground forest carbon is downed by the storm across all the forest-tree-wind vulnerability classes (unit: hectare / missing value: NA)
Calculated_Total_Area_ha: total area for each state (unit: hectare / missing value: NA)
Storm: reconstructed hurricane year and storm number of that year, according to the National Hurricane Center
Wind: increase in wind speed from our modeled hurricane reconstructions
- 0: baseline scenario where the wind speeds are equivalent to the historical data
- 8: projected severity scenario where the wind speeds are increased by 8%
- 16: maximum severity scenario where the wind speeds are increased by 16%
Damaged_Area_ha: sum of total damaged area for each storm across the state. Sum of EF0_ha to EF3_ha (unit: hectare / missing value: NA)
Percent_Damaged_Area_ha: proportion of area for each state impacted by the storm (Percent_Damaged_Area_ha/ Calculated_Total_Area_ha) (unit: dimensionless / missing value: NA)

hf444-08: harvested wood products model, averaged, baseline

Year: year following the storm, from 2020 (the year we modeled the storm to occur, showing the pools of downed forest carbon immediately following the storm) to 2119 (100 years after the storm)
PIU_TgCO2e: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
SWDS_TgCO2e: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
EEC_TgCO2e: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
EWOEC_TgCO2e: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
LogresE_TgCO2e: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
LogresS_TgCO2e: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)

hf444-09: harvested wood products model, averaged, 8% increase

Year: year following the storm, from 2020 (the year we modeled the storm to occur, showing the pools of downed forest carbon immediately following the storm) to 2119 (100 years after the storm)
PIU_TgCO2e: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
SWDS_TgCO2e: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
EEC_TgCO2e: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
EWOEC_TgCO2e: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
LogresE_TgCO2e: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
LogresS_TgCO2e: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)

hf444-10: harvested wood products model, averaged, 16% increase

Year: year following the storm, from 2020 (the year we modeled the storm to occur, showing the pools of downed forest carbon immediately following the storm) to 2119 (100 years after the storm)
PIU_TgCO2e: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
SWDS_TgCO2e: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
EEC_TgCO2e: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
EWOEC_TgCO2e: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
LogresE_TgCO2e: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
LogresS_TgCO2e: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)

hf444-11: harvested wood products model, averaged, 16% increase

Year: year following the storm, from 2020 (the year we modeled the storm to occur, showing the pools of downed forest carbon immediately following the storm) to 2119 (100 years after the storm)
1_PIU: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1938_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
1_SWDS: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1938_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
1_EEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1938_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
1_EWOEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1938_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
1_DownE: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1938_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
1_DownS: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1938_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
2_PIU: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1944_07 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
2_SWDS: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1944_07 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
2_EEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1944_07 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
2_EWOEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1944_07 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
2_DownE: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1944_07 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
2_DownS: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1944_07 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
3_PIU: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
3_SWDS: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
3_EEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
3_EWOEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
3_DownE: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
3_DownS: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_06 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
4_PIU: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_08 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
4_SWDS: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_08 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
4_EEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_08 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
4_EWOEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_08 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
4_DownE: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_08 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
4_DownS: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1954_08 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
5_PIU: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1960_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
5_SWDS: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1960_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
5_EEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1960_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
5_EWOEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1960_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
5_DownE: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1960_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
5_DownS: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1960_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
6_PIU: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1961_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
6_SWDS: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1961_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
6_EEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1961_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
6_EWOEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1961_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
6_DownE: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1961_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
6_DownS: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1961_05 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
7_PIU: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1962_01 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
7_SWDS: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1962_01 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
7_EEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1962_01 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
7_EWOEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1962_01 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
7_DownE: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1962_01 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
7_DownS: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1962_01 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
8_PIU: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1969_16 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
8_SWDS: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1969_16 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
8_EEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1969_16 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
8_EWOEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1969_16 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
8_DownE: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1969_16 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
8_DownS: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1969_16 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
9_PIU: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1985_09 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
9_SWDS: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1985_09 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
9_EEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1985_09 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
9_EWOEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1985_09 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
9_DownE: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1985_09 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
9_DownS: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1985_09 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
10_PIU: carbon storage pool representing products in use (PIU) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1991_03 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
10_SWDS: carbon storage pool representing solid waste disposal sites (SWDS), such as dumps and landfills, in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1991_03 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
10_EEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted with energy capture (i.e., fuelwood or burned onsite at mills for energy; EEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1991_03 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
10_EWOEC: carbon emissions pool representing carbon emitted without energy capture (e.g., decay from SWDS; EWOEC) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1991_03 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
10_DownE: carbon emissions pool representing carbon decay from downed wood left in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged timber; DFCe) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1991_03 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)
10_DownS: carbon storage pool representing carbon from downed wood remaining in the forest (i.e., unsalvaged and not yet decayed downed wood; DFCs) in teragrams of CO2 equivalence (TgCO2e) for storm 1991_03 (unit: teragram / missing value: NA)

hf444-12: R and Python scripts

Compression: zip
Format: Python script,R markdown, R script
Type: script

hf444-13: aboveground carbon raster, hardwood 0-10m

Compression: none
Format: tiff
Type: raster

hf444-14: aboveground carbon raster, hardwood 11-20m

Compression: none
Format: tiff
Type: raster

hf444-15: aboveground carbon raster, hardwood 21-30m

Compression: none
Format: tiff
Type: raster

hf444-16: aboveground carbon raster, hardwood over 30m

Compression: none
Format: tiff
Type: raster

hf444-17: aboveground carbon raster, softwood 0-10m

Compression: none
Format: tiff
Type: raster

hf444-18: aboveground carbon raster, softwood 11-20m

Compression: none
Format: tiff
Type: raster

hf444-19: aboveground carbon raster, softwood 21-30m

Compression: none
Format: tiff
Type: raster

hf444-20: aboveground carbon raster, softwood over 30m

Compression: none
Format: tiff
Type: raster

Harvard Forest