Harvard Forest

Research Publications

Physiological Ecology, Population Dynamics and Species Interactions (since 1988)

• Abeysekera, R. M, Newcomb, W., Silvester, W. B., Torrey, J. G. 1990. A Freeze-Fracture Electron Microscopic Study of Frankia in Root Nodules of Alnus Incana Grown at Three Oxygen Tensions. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 36: 97-108.
• Abrams, M. D., Orwig, D. A. 1996. A 300-Year History of Disturbance and Canopy Recruitment for Co-Occurring White Pine and Hemlock on the Allegheny Plateau, USA. Journal of Ecology 84: 353-363.
• Abrams, M. D., Orwig, D. A., Dockry, J. 1997. Dendroecology and successional status of two contrasting old-growth oak forests in the Blue Ridge Mountains, U.S.A.. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 27: 994-1002.
• Akachuku, A. E. 1991. Wood growth determined from growth ring analysis in red pine (Pinus resinosa) trees forced to lean by a hurricane. IAWA Bulletin 12: 263-274.
• Akachuku, A. E. 1993. Recovery and morphology of Pinus resinosa Ait. trees 50 years after they were displaced by a hurricane. Forest Ecology and Management 56: 113-129.
• Alexander, M. R., Pearl, J. K., Bishop, D. A., Cook, E. R., Anchukaitis, K. J., Pederson, N. 2019. The potential to strengthen temperature reconstructions in ecoregions with limited tree line using a multispecies approach. Quaternary Research 92: 583-597.
• Allison, T. D. 1990. Pollen production and plant density affect pollination and seed production in Taxus canadensis. Ecology 71: 516-522.
• Allison, T. D. 1990. The influence of deer browsing on the reproductive biology of Canada yew (Taxus canadensis marsh.). II. Pollen limitation: an indirect effect. Oecologia 83: 530-534.
• Allison, T. D. 1991. Variation in Sex Expression in Canada Yew (Taxus canadensis). American Journal of Botany 78: 569-578.
• Allison, T. D. 1993. Self-fertility in Canada Yew. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 120: 115-120.
• Anderson*, M., Del Toro, I. 2021. Forest Succession and Tree Identity Shape Species and Functional Group Richness of Ant Communities in New England. Northeastern Naturalist 28: 9-27.
• Anderson-Teixeira, K. J., McGarvey, J. C., Muller-Landau, H. C., Park, J. Y., Gonzalez-Akre, E. B., Herrmann, V., Bennett, A. C., So, C. V., Bourg, N. A., Thompson, J. R., McMahon, S. M., McShea, W. J. 2015. Size-related scaling of tree form and function in a mixed-age forest. Functional Ecology 29: 1587-1602.
• Atwater*, D. Z., Butler, J. L., Ellison, A. M. 2006. Spatial distribution and impacts of moth herbivory on northern pitcher plants. Northeastern Naturalist 13: 43-56.
• Au, T. F., Maxwell, J. T., Novick, K. A., Robeson, S. M., Warner, S. M., Lockwood, B. R., Phillips, R. P., Harley, G. L., Telewski, F. W., Therrell, M. D., Pederson, N. 2020. Demographic shifts in eastern US forests increase the impact of late-season drought on forest growth. Ecography 43: 12 pp.
• Azevedo-Schmidt, L., Currano, E. D. 2024. Leaf traits linked to structure and palatability drive plant–insect interactions within three forested ecosystems. American Journal of Botany 111: e16263.
• Baiser, B., Adreshiri*, R., Ellison, A. M. 2011. Species richness and trophic diversity increase decomposition in a co-evolved food web. PLoS ONE 6: e20672.
• Baiser, B., Buckley, H. L., Gotelli, N. J., Ellison, A. M. 2013. Predicting food-web structure with metacommunity models. Oikos 112: 492-406.
• Baiser, B., Gotelli, N. J., Buckley, H. L., Miller, T. E., Ellison, A. M. 2011. Geographic variation in network structure of a Nearctic aquatic food web. Global Ecology and Biogeography 21: 579-581.
• Baiser, B., Whitaker, N., Ellison, A. M. 2013. Modeling foundation species in food webs. Ecosphere 4: 1-14.
• Barker Plotkin, A., Blumstein, M., Laflower, D., Pasquarella, V. J., Chandler, J. L., Elkinton, J. S., Thompson, J. R. 2021. Defoliated trees die below a critical threshold of stored carbon. Functional Ecology 35: 2156–2167.
• Barker Plotkin, A., Orwig, D. A., MacLean, M. G., Ellison, A. M. 2024. Logging response alters trajectories of reorganization after loss of a foundation tree species. Ecological Applications 34: e2957.
• Barker, M. G., Perez-Salicrup, D. 2000. Comparative water relations of mature mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) trees with and without lianas in a subhumid, seasonally dry forest in Bolivia. Tree Physiology 20: 1167-1174.
• Bassow, S. L. 1995. Canopy photosynthesis and carbon cycling in a deciduous forest: implications of species composition and rising concentrations of CO2. Thesis, Harvard University.
• Bassow, S. L., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Intra- and inter-specific variation in canopy photosynthesis in a mixed deciduous forest. Oecologia 109: 507-515.
• Bassow, S. L., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. How environmental conditions affect leaf-level photosynthesis in four deciduous tree species. Ecology 79: 2660-2675.
• Bassow, S. L., McConnaughay, K. D. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1994. The response of temperate tree seedlings grown in elevated CO2 to extreme temperature events. Ecological Applications 4: 593-603.
• Bauer, G. A., Bazzaz, F. A., Minocha, R., Long, S., Magill, A., Aber, J. D., Berntson, G. M. 2004. Effects of chronic N additions on tissue chemistry, photosynthetic capacity, and carbon sequestration potential of a red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) stand in the NE United States. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 173-186.
• Bauer, G. A., Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 2001. The effect of elevated CO2 and increased N availability on regenerating temperate forest communities: biochemical versus stomatal limitation of photosynthesis. New Phytologist 152: 249-266.
• Bazzaz, F. A. 1990. Plant-plant interaction in successional environments. In: Grace, J. B., Tilman, G. D., Perspectives on Plant Competition, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
• Bazzaz, F. A. 1991. Habitat selection in plants. American Naturalist 137: S116-S130.
• Bazzaz, F. A. 1993. Scaling in biological systems: Population and community perspectives. In: Ehleringer, J. R., Field, C. B., Scaling Physiological Processes: Leaf to Globe, Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, CA.
• Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Plants in Changing Environments: Linking Physiological, Population, and Community Ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.
• Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Allocation of resources in plants: state-of-the-science and critical questions. In: Bazzaz, F. A., Grace, J., Plant Resource Allocation, Physiological Ecology Series of Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
• Bazzaz, F. A., Catovsky, S. 2001. Resource partitioning. In: Levin, S., Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Academic Press, San Diego.
• Bazzaz, F. A., Catovsky, S. 2002. Impacts of global change on plants: from cells to ecosystems. In: Mooney, H. A., Canadell, J., Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., London.
• Bazzaz, F. A., Coleman, J. S., Morse, S. R. 1990. Growth response of seven major co-occurring tree species of the northeastern United States to elevated CO2. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20: 1479-1484.
• Bazzaz, F. A., Fajer, E. D. 1992. Plant life in a CO2-rich world. Scientific American 266: 68-77.
• Bazzaz, F. A., Grace, J. 1997. Plant Resource Allocation. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
• Bazzaz, F. A., Miao, S. L. 1993. Successional status, seed size, and responses of tree seedlings to CO2, light, and nutrients. Ecology 74: 104-112.
• Bazzaz, F. A., Stinson, K. A. 2000. Genetic versus environmental control of ecophysiological processes: some challenges for predicting community responses to global change. In: Press, M. C., Scholes, J. D., Barker, M. G., Physiological Plant Ecology, Blackwell Science, U. K..
• Bazzaz, F. A., Wayne, P. M. 1994. Coping with environmental heterogeneity: the physiological ecology of tree seeding regeneration across the gap-understory continuum. In: Caldwell, M., Pearcy, R, Exploitation of Environmental Heterogeneity by Plants: Ecophysiological Processes Above and Below Ground, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
• Bellemare, J., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 2005. Rich mesic forests: edaphic and physiographic drivers of community variation in western Massachusetts. Rhodora 107: 239-283.
• Belmecheri, S., Maxwell, R. S., Taylor, A. H., Davis, K. J., Freeman, K. H., Munger, J. W. 2014. Tree-ring delta. Environmental Research Letters 9: 1-9.
• Bennett, K. F., Ellison, A. M. 2009. Nectar, not colour, may lure insects to their death. Biology Letters 5: 469-472.
• Berliner, R., Torrey, J. G. 1989. On tripartite Frankia - mycorrhizal associations in the Myricaceae. Canadian Journal of Botany 67: 1708-1712.
• Berliner, R., Torrey, J. G. 1989. Studies on mycorrhizal associations in Harvard Forest, Massachusetts. Canadian Journal of Botany 67: 2245-2251.
• Berntson, G. M. 1996. Root growth and nitrogen cycling in temperate deciduous forests in an elevated CO2 world. Thesis, Harvard University.
• Berntson, G. M. 1997. Topological scaling and plant root system architecture: developmental and functional hierarchies. New Phytologist 135: 621-634.
• Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Belowground positive and negative feedbacks on CO2 growth enhancement. Plant and Soil 187: 119-131.
• Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. The allometry of root production and loss in seedlings of Acer rubrum (Aceraceae) and Betula papyrifera (Betulaceae): implications for root dynamics in elevated CO2. American Journal of Botany 83: 608-616.
• Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Elevated CO2 and the magnitude and seasonal dynamics of root production and loss in Betula papyrifera. Plant and Soil 190: 211-216.
• Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Nitrogen cycling in microcosms of yellow birch exposed to elevated CO2: simultaneous positive and negative belowground feedbacks. Global Change Biology 3: 247-258.
• Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Regenerating temperate forest microcosms in elevated CO2: species composition, belowground growth and nitrogen cycling. Oecologia 113: 115-125.
• Berntson, G. M., Lynch, J. P., Snapp, S. 1998. Fractal geometry and the description of plant root systems: current perspectives and future applications. In: Baveye, Parlage, Smith, Chaos and Fractals in Soil Science, CRC Press, Boca Raton.
• Berntson, G. M., Rajakaruna, N., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Growth and nitrogen uptake in an experimental community of annuals exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2. Global Change Biology 4: 607-626.
• Berntson, G. M., Rajakaruna, N., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Species- and community-level growth and nitrogen acquisition in elevated CO2 atmospheres in an experimental annual community. Global Change Biology 4: 101-120.
• Berntson, G. M., Stoll, P. 1997. Correcting for finite spatial scales of self-similarity when calculating the fractal dimensions of real-world structures. Proceedings of Royal Society, Biological Sciences 264: 1531-1537.
• Berntson, G. M., Wayne, P. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Belowground architectural and mycorrhizal responses to elevated CO2 in Betula alleghaniensis populations. Functional Ecology 11: 684-695.
• Bittleston, L. S., Pierce, N. E., Ellison, A. M., Pringle, A. 2016. Convergence in Multispecies Interactions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 31: 269-280.
• Blackman*, R. 2000. The determination of the relationship between wood respiration and sapwood temperature in an old growth eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) stand. Thesis, University of Edinburgh.
• Blumstein, M. 2024. The drivers of intraspecific trait variation and their implications for future tree productivity and survival. American Journal of Botany 111: e16312.
• Blumstein, M., Oseguera*, M., Caso-McHugh*, T., Des Marais, D. L. 2024. Nonstructural carbohydrate dynamics' relationship to leaf development under varying environments. New Phytologist 241: 102-113.
• Blumstein, M., Webster, S., Hopkins, R., Basler, D., Yun, J., Des Marais, D. L. 2025. Genomics highlight an underestimation of phenology sensitivity to the urban heat island effect. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 122: e2408564122.
• Bogdziewicz, M., Ascoli, D., Hacket-Pain, A., Koenig, W. D., Pearse, I. S., Pesendorfer, M., Satake, A., Thomas, P., Vacchiano, G., Wohlgemuth, T., Tanentzap, A. J. 2020. From theory to experiments for testing the proximate mechanisms of mast seeding: an agenda for an experimental ecology. Ecology Letters 23: 210-220.
• Bogdziewicz, M., Crone, E. E., Steele, Michael A., Zwolak, Rafal 2016. Effects of nitrogen deposition on reproduction in a masting tree: benefits of higher seed production are trumped by negative biotic interactions. Journal of Ecology 105: 310-320.
• Bogdziewicz, M., Hacket-Pain, A., Kelly, D., Thomas, P. A., Lageard, J., Tanentzap, A. J. 2021. Climate warming causes mast seeding to break down by reducing sensitivity to weather cues. Global Change Biology 27: 1952-1961.
• Bogdziewicz, M., Kelly, D., Tanentzap, A. J., Thomas, P. A., Lageard, J. G. A., Hacket-Pain, A. 2020. Climate Change Strengthens Selection for Mast Seeding in European Beech. Current Biology 30: 3477-3483.
• Bogdziewicz, M., Kelly, D., Thomas, P. A., Lageard, J. G. A., Hacket-Pain, A. 2020. Climate warming disrupts mast seeding and its fitness benefits in European beech. Nature Plants 6: 88-94.
• Bogdziewicz, M., Zwolak, R., Crone, E. E. 2015. How do vertebrates respond to mast seeding?. Oikos 125: 300-307.
• Bolster, K. L., Martin, M. E., Aber, J. D. 1996. Determination of carbon fraction and nitrogen concentration in tree foliage by near infrared reflectance: a comparison of statistical methods. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26: 590-600.
• Bose, A. K., Doležal, J., Scherrer, D., Altman, J., Ziche, D., Martínez-Sancho, E., Bigler, C., Bolte, A., Colangelo, M., Dorado-Liñán, I., Drobyshev, I., Etzold, S., Fonti, P., Gessler, A., Kolář, T., Koňasová, E., Korznikov, K. A., Lebourgeois, F., Lucas-Borja, M. E., Menzel, A., Neuwirth, B., Nicolas, M., Omelko, A. M., Pederson, N., Petritan, A. M., Rigling, A., Rybníček, M., Scharnweber, T., Schröder, J., Silla, F., Sochová, I., Sohar, K., Ukhvatkina, O. N., Vozmishcheva, A. S., Zweifel, R., Camarero, J. J. 2024. Revealing legacy effects of extreme droughts on tree growth of oaks across the Northern Hemisphere. Science of The Total Environment 926: 172049.
• Bryant, W. S. 2006. John C. Goodlett (1922-1967) Botanist, Plant Geographer, and Teacher. Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science 67: 3-8.
• Buckley, H. L., Miller, T. E., Ellison, A. M., Gotelli, N. J. 2003. Reverse latitudinal trends in species richness of pitcher-plant food webs. Ecology Letters 6: 825-829.
• Burleigh, S., Torrey, J. G. 1990. Effectiveness of different Frankia cell types as inocula for the actinorhizal plant Casuarina. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 56: 2565-2567.
• Busby, P. E. 2006. American beech in coastal New England: forest history and dynamics. Thesis, Harvard University.
• Busby, P. E., Canham, C. D., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 2009. Forest response to chronic hurricane disturbance in coastal New England. Journal of Vegetation Science 20: 487-497.
• Busby, P. E., Motzkin, G., Boose, E. R. 2008. Landscape-level variation in forest response to hurricane disturbance across a storm track. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38: 2942-2950.
• Busby, P. E., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 2008. Multiple and interacting disturbances lead to Fagus grandifolia dominance in coastal New England. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 135: 346-359.
• Busby, P. E., Motzkin, G., Hall, B. 2009. Distribution and Dynamics of American Beech in Coastal Southern New England. Northeastern Naturalist 16: 159-176.
• Butler*, J., Atwater*, D. Z., Ellison, A. M. 2005. Red-spotted Newts: An Unusual Nutrient Source for Northern Pitcher Plants. Northeastern Naturalist 12: 1-10.
• Butler, J. L., Ellison, A. M. 2007. Nitrogen cycling dynamics in the carnivorous northern pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea. Functional Ecology 21: 835-843.
• Butler, J. L., Gotelli, N. J., Ellison, A. M. 2008. Linking the Brown and Green: Nutrient Transformation and Fate in the Sarracenia Microecosystem. Ecology 89: 898-907.
• Callahan, H. S., Del Fierro, K., Patterson, A. E., Zafar, H. 2008. Impacts of elevated nitrogen inputs on oak reproductive and seed ecology. Global Change Biology 14: 285-293.
• Carbone, M. S., Czimczik, C. I., Keenan, T. F., Murakami, P. F., Pederson, N., Schaberg, P. G., Xu, X., Richardson, A. D. 2013. Age, allocation and availability of nonstructural carbon in mature red maple trees. New Phytologist 200: 1145-1155.
• Carbone, M. S., Seyednasrollah, B., Rademacher, T. T., Balser, D., Le Moine, J. M., Beals, S., Beasley, J., Greene, A., Kelroy, J., Richardson, A. D. 2019. Flux Puppy – An open-source software application and portable system design for low-cost manual measurements of CO2 and H2O fluxes. Agricultural And Forest Meteorology 274: 1-6.
• Carlton, G. 1993. Effects of microsite environment on tree regeneration following disturbance. Thesis, Harvard University.
• Carlton, G. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Regeneration of three sympatric birch species on experimental hurricane blowdown microsites. Ecological Monographs 68: 99-120.
• Carlton, G. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Resource Congruence and Forest Regeneration Following An Experimental Hurricane Blowdown. Ecology 79: 1305-1319.
• Case, B. S., Buckley, H. L., Barker Plotkin, A., Ellison, A. M. 2016. Using codispersion analysis to quantify temporal changes in the spatial pattern of forest stand structure. Chilean Journal of Statistics 7: 3-15.
• Catovsky, S. 1998. Functional groups: clarifying our use of the term. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 79: 126-127.
• Catovsky, S. 1998. Taking a Functional View of Ecosystems (book review). Ecology 79: 1843-1844.
• Catovsky, S. 2000. Linking community dynamics and ecosystem function in mixed conifer broad-leaved forests. Thesis, Harvard University.
• Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 1999. Elevated CO2 influences the responses of two birch species to soil moisture: implications for forest community structure. Global Change Biology 5: 507-518.
• Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2000. Contributions of coniferous and broad-leaved species to mixed forest carbon uptake: A bottom-up approach. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30: 100-111.
• Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2000. The role of resource interactions and seedling regeneration in maintaining a positive feedback in hemlock stands. Journal of Ecology 88: 100-112.
• Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2002. Feedbacks between canopy composition and seedling regeneration in mixed conifer broad-leaved forests. Oikos 98: 403-420.
• Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2002. Nitrogen availability influences regeneration of coniferous and broad-leaved tree species in the understory seedling bank. Ecological Applications 12: 1056-1070.
• Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2002. Plant competition in an elevated CO. In: Mooney, H. A, Canadell, J., Encyclopedia of Global Change, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Chichester, England.
• Catovsky, S., Crabtree, R. C., Sipe, T. W., Carlton, G., Bassow, S., George, L. O., Bazzaz, F. A. 2004. Experimental approaches to understanding forest regeneration. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
• Catovsky, S., Holbrook, N. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 2002. Coupling whole-tree transpiration and canopy photosynthesis in coniferous and broad-leaved tree species. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32: 295-309.
• Cavender-Bares, J., Ackerly, D. D., Baum, D. A., Bazzaz, F. A. 2004. Phylogenetic overdispersion in Floridian oak communities. American Naturalist 163: 823-843.
• Cavender-Bares, J., Apostol, S., Moya, I., Briantais, J. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1999. Chilling-induced photoinhibition in oaks: are evergreen leaves inherently better protected than deciduous leaves?. Photosynthetica 36: 587-596.
• Cavender-Bares, J., Bazzaz, F. A. 2000. Changes in drought response strategies with ontogeny in Quercus rubra: implications for scaling from seedlings to mature trees. Oecologia 124: 8-18.
• Cavender-Bares, J., Bazzaz, F. A. 2004. From leaves to ecosystems: Using chlorophyll fluorescence to assess photosynthesis and plant function in ecological studies. In: Papageorgiou, G. C., Govindjee, J. T., Chlorophyll fluorescence: A Signature of Photosynthesis, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
• Cavender-Bares, J., Holbrook, N. M. 2001. Hydraulic properties and freezing-induced cavitation in sympatric evergreen and deciduous oaks with contrasting habitats. Plant, Cell and Environment 24: 1243-1256.
• Cavender-Bares, J., Kitajima, K., Bazzaz, F. A. 2004. Multiple trait associations in relation to habitat differentiation among 17 Florida oak species. Ecological Monographs 74: 635-662.
• Cavender-Bares, J., Potts, M., Zacharias, E., Bazzaz, F. A. 2000. Consequences of CO2 and light interactions for leaf phenology, growth, and senescence in Quercus rubra. Global Change Biology 6: 877-887.
• Chaib de Mares, M., Hess, J., Floudas, D., Lipzen, A., Choi, C., Kennedy, M., Grigoriev, I. V., Pringle, A. 2015. Horizontal transfer of carbohydrate metabolism genes into ectomycorrhizal Amanita. New Phytologist 205: 1552-1564.
• Chamberlain, C. J., Wolkovich, E. M. 2023. Variation across space, species and methods in models of spring phenology. Climate Change Ecology 5: 100071.
• Chen, X. Siqueira, P., McDonald, K., Cosh, M., Colliander, A., VanScoy, M. 2023. L-band radar for forest temporal dynamics. Proceedings of 2023 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). Pasadena CA.
• Chen, Y., Rademacher, T., Fonti, P., Eckes-Shephard, A. H., LeMoine, J. M., Fonti, M. V., Richardson, A. D., Friend, A. D. 2022. Inter-annual and inter-species tree growth explained by phenology of xylogenesis. New Phytologist 235: 939-952.
• Choat, B., Lahr*, E., Melcher, P. J., Zwieniecki, M. A., Holbrook, N. M. 2005. The spatial pattern of air seeding thresholds in mature sugar maple trees. Plant, Cell and Environment 28: 1082-1089.
• Ciccarello, S. C. 1997. A study of the effects of microclimate on leaf phenology of scrub oak (Quercus ilicifolia) on Montague Plain. Thesis, Antioch New England Graduate School.
• Cinoglu, D., Epstein, H. E., Tepley, A. J., Anderson-Teixeira, K. J., Thompson, J. R., Perakis, S. S. 2021. Climatic Aridity Shapes Post-Fire Interactions between Ceanothus spp. and Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) across the Klamath Mountains. Forests 12: article 1567, 15 pp.
• Clark, J. S., Nunez, C., Tomasek, B. 2019. Foodwebs based on unreliable foundations: spatio-temporal masting merged with consumer movement, storage, and diet. Ecological Monographs 89: e01381; 24 pp.
• Clark, J. S., Salk, C., Melillo, J. M., Mohan, J. 2014. Tree phenology responses to winter chilling, spring warming, at north and south range limits. Functional Ecology 28: 1344-1355.
• Cleavitt, N. L., Battles, J. J., Matthes, J. H., Wentzell-Brehme, S. 2024. Multi-cohort survival of northern red oak seedlings at a northern hardwood forest transition. Ecosphere 15: e4949.
• Cleavitt, N. L., Montague, M. S., Battles, J. J., Box, O. F., Matthes, J. H., Fahey, T. J. 2022. Enemy release from beech bark disease coincides with upslope shift of American beech. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 52: 1224-1233.
• Cocciardi, J. M., Hoffman, A. M., Alvarado-Serrano, D. F., Anderson, J., Blumstein, M., Boehm, E. L., Bolin, L. G., Borokini, I.T., Bradburd, G. S., Branch, H. A., Brudvig, L. A., Chen, Y., Collins, S. L., Des Marais, D. L., Gamba, D., Hanan, N. P., Howard, M. M., Jaros, J., Juenger, T. E., Kooyers, N. J., Kottler, E. J., Lau, J. A., Menon, M., Moeller, D. A., Mozdzer, T. J., Sheth, S. N., Smith, M. D., Toll, K., Ungerer, M. C., Vahsen, M. L., Wadgymar, S. M., Waananen, A., Whitney, K. D., Avolio, M. L. 2024. The value of long-term ecological research for evolutionary insights. Nature Ecology & Evolution 10.1038/s41559-024-02464-y: .
• Cooper-Ellis, S., Foster, D. R., Carlton, G., Lezberg, A. L. 1999. Forest response to catastrophic wind: results from an experimental hurricane. Ecology 80: 2683-2696.
• Crabtree, R. C. 1992. Birch regeneration in a changing nitrogen environment. Thesis, Harvard University.
• Crabtree, R. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1993. Black birch (Betula lenta L.) seedlings as foragers for nitrogen. New Phytologist 122: 617-625.
• Crabtree, R. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1993. Seedling response of four birch species to simulated nitrogen deposition: Ammonium versus nitrate. Ecological Applications 3: 315-321.
• Crone, E. E., Rapp, J. M. 2025. Mast years increase wind pollination and reduce seed predation in sugar maple (Acer saccharum). American Journal of Botany 112: e70046.
• D'Amato, A. W., Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 2009. Understory vegetation in old-growth and second-growth Tsuga canadensis forests in western Massachusetts. Forest Ecology and Management 257: 1043-1052.
• D'Orangeville, L. D., Itter, M., Kneeshaw, D., Munger, J. W., Richardson, A. D., Dyer, J. M., Orwig, D. A., Pan, Y., Pederson, N. 2022. Peak radial growth of diffuse-porous species occurs during periods of lower water availability than for ring-porous and coniferous trees. Tree Physiology 42: 304-316.
• Daley, M. J., Phillips, N. G., Pettijohn, J. C., Hadley, J. L. 2007. Water use by eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and black birch (Betula lenta): Implications of effects of the hemlock woolly adelgid. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37: 2031-2040.
• Davis, C. C., Willis, C. G., Connolly, B., Kelly, C., Ellison, A. M. 2015. Herbarium records are reliable sources of phenological change driven by climate and provide novel insights into species’ phenological cueing mechanisms. American Journal of Botany 102: 1599-1609.
• Del Tredici, P., Orwig, D. A. 2017. Layering and rejuvenation in Tsuga canadensis (Pinaceae) on Wachusett Mountain, Massachusetts. Rhodora 119: 16-32.
• Dering, M., Baranowska, M., Beridze, B., Chybicki, I. J., Danelia, I., Iszkulo, G., Kvartskhava, G., Kosinski, P., Raczka, G., Thomas, P. A., Tomaszewski, D., Walas, L., Sekiewicz, K. 2021. The evolutionary heritage and ecological uniqueness of Scots pine in the Caucasus ecoregion is at risk of climate changes. Scientific Reports 11: 22845.
• Diamond, S. E., Chick, L., Penick, C. A., Nichols, L. M., Helms Cahan, S., Dunn, R. R., Ellison, A. M., Sanders, N. J., Gotelli, N. J. 2017. Heat tolerance predicts the importance of species interaction effects as the climate changes. Integrative and Comparative Biology 57: 112-120.
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